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ROLE OF TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS IN ABIOTIC STRESS MANAGEMENT

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Title ROLE OF TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS IN ABIOTIC STRESS MANAGEMENT
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Creator Mukesh Kumar, Kiran Bhagat, Preeti Goyal, Reena Rana and L. K. Chugh
 
Subject Transcription factors, photosynthesis, abiotic stress, signaling, cold, drought, salinity, LEA Protein, ABA, MYC/MYB, AREB/ABF, CBF/DREB.
 
Description Not Available
Plants are recurrently confronted to a wide range of environmental conditions, viz availability of water (drought and flooding), temperature (high and low) and salinity which strongly affect plant growth and development. Severity of these conditions (abiotic stresses) adversely affect different biochemical and physiological mechanisms associated with plant responses and adaptation to stress: photosynthetic mechanisms, e.g. stomatal control of CO2 diffusion, photosystem II repair, ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) activity and scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS), are very prone to damage, and photosynthetic efficiency is greatly decreased. Plants respond to these environmental challenges through a number of homeostatic mechanisms that maintain the water balance and the integrity of tissues. Responses, adaptations and mitigation necessitate differential gene expression, which is regulated by specific transcription factors (TFs). TFs are proteins with a DNA binding domain that binds to the cis-acting elements present in the promoter of a target gene. They induce (activators) or repress (repressors) the activity of the RNA polymerase, thus regulating gene expression. Plant genome ascribes approximately 7% of their coding sequence to transcription factors that proves the complexity of transcriptional regulation. Interaction of transcription factors with cis-element in the promoter regions of various stress related genes upregulate the expression of many downstream genes. Abiotic stress mainly induce two group of gens according their protein products first group, whose coding products directly confer to plant cells the resistance to environmental stress such as late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) protein, anti-freezing protein, osmotic regulatory protein, enzymes for synthesizing betaine, proline and other osmo-regulators and second group of genes controlled by a certain type of TF is known as a regulon. At least four different regulons can be identified, two ABA independent (1) the CBF (C-repeat or CRT-binding factors)/DREB (dehydration response element- DRE-binding factors) regulon; (2) the NAC (NAM, ATAF and CUC) and ZF-HD (zinc-finger homeodomain) regulon; and two ABA dependent; (3) the AREB/ABF (ABA-responsive elementbinding protein/ ABA-binding factor) regulon; and (4) the MYC (myelocytomatosis oncogene)/MYB (myeloblastosis oncogene) regulon. As per the signaling cascade pathways these transcription factors play vital role to plants adaptation and mitigation strategy towards abiotic stress.
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Date 2017-02-02T04:44:38Z
2017-02-02T04:44:38Z
2015-01-12
 
Type Book chapter
 
Identifier Kumar, M., Bhagat, K., Goyal, P., Rana, R. and Chugh, L. K. (2015). Role of transcription factors in abiotic stress management. In Abiotic Stress: Challenges and Prospects –Vol. I (R K Pasala, Kiran Bhagat & Y Singh, Eds.). Today and Tomorrow Publishers, New Delhi.Pp:17-39
ISBN 81-7019-503-5 (India) ISBN 1-55528-360-8 (USA)
http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/2117
 
Language English
 
Relation Not Available;
 
Publisher Today and Tomorrow’s Printers and Publishers