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Endophytic microbes: biodiversity, plant growth-promoting mechanisms and potential applications for agricultural sustainability

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Title Endophytic microbes: biodiversity, plant growth-promoting mechanisms and potential applications for agricultural sustainability
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Creator Rana, K.L., Kour, D., Kaur, T. Devi R, Yadav, AN, Yadav N, Dhaliwal HS and Saxena AK
 
Subject Biocontrol; Biotechnological applications; Diversity; Endophytic microbes; Hydrolytic enzymes; Plant growth promotion; Sustainable agriculture
 
Description Not Available
Endophytic microbes are known to live asymptomatically inside their host throughout different stages of their life cycle and play crucial roles in the growth, development, fitness, and diversification of plants. The plant–endophyte association ranges from mutualism to pathogenicity. These microbes help the host to combat a diverse array of biotic and abiotic stressful conditions. Endophytic microbes play a major role in the growth promotion of their host by solubilizing of macronutrients such as phosphorous, potassium, and zinc; fixing of atmospheric nitrogen, synthesizing of phytohormones, siderophores, hydrogen cyanide, ammonia, and act as a biocontrol agent against wide array of phytopathogens. Endophytic microbes are beneficial to plants by directly promoting their growth or indirectly by inhibiting the growth of phytopathogens. Over a long period of co-evolution, endophytic microbes have attained the mechanism of synthesis of various hydrolytic enzymes such as pectinase, xylanases, cellulase, and proteinase which help in the penetration of endophytic microbes into tissues of plants. The effective usage of endophytic microbes in the form of bioinoculants reduce the usage of chemical fertilizers. Endophytic microbes belong to different phyla such as Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Deinococcus–thermus, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Verrucomicrobia. The most predominant and studied endophytic bacteria belonged to Proteobacteria followed by Firmicutes and then by Actinobacteria. The most dominant among reported genera in most of the leguminous and non-leguminous plants are Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Fusarium, Burkholderia, Rhizobium, and Klebsiella. In future, endophytic microbes have a wide range of potential for maintaining health of plant as well as environmental conditions for agricultural sustainability. The present review is focused on endophytic microbes, their diversity in leguminous as well as non-leguminous crops, biotechnological applications, and ability to promote the growth of plant for agro-environmental sustainability.
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Date 2021-09-06T17:00:16Z
2021-09-06T17:00:16Z
2020-01-01
 
Type Review Paper
 
Identifier Not Available
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http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/61451
 
Language English
 
Relation Not Available;
 
Publisher Springer