ICAR Research Data Repository for Knowledge Management
Roots of Rainfed Crops Biomass, Composition and Carbon Mineralization
KRISHI: Publication and Data Inventory Repository
View Archive Info| Field | Value | |
| Title |
Roots of Rainfed Crops Biomass, Composition and Carbon Mineralization
Roots of Rainfed Crops Biomass, Composition and Carbon Mineralization |
|
| Creator |
ICAR_CRIDA
|
|
| Subject |
root ,system,constitutes , plant, body ,terms , function and bulk.
|
|
| Description |
Not Available
The root system constitutes a major part of the plant body in terms of both function and bulk. Plant roots have received much less attention than above ground plant parts because they are hidden from view belowground and are intricately interspersed throughout the heterogeneous soil mass, which makes them extremely difficult to extract or to study in situ. Root systems perform several vital functions that are essential to growth and development of plants, the most important of which are: 1. Anchorage and support: The plant root system anchors the plant body to the soil and provides physical support against abiotic (wind, water) and biotic (animals and other plants) forces. 2. Absorption and conduction: The plant root system absorbs water, oxygen and nutrients from the soil in mineral solution, mainly through the root hairs. Roots are capable of absorbing inorganic nutrients in solution even against concentration gradient. After entry into the root, resources are conducted by radial transport to the central stele where they are released into xylem vessels and made available for long-distance (axial) transport. 3. Storage: Roots serve as storage organs for water and carbohydrates as in the modified, swollen roots of carrot, sweet potato, etc. Fibrous roots generally store less starch than taproots. Some roots are capable of storing large amounts of water. 4. Synthesis: Roots synthesize growth hormones such as cytokinins, gibberellins and abscicic acid (ABA) that regulate plant growth and development. 5. Sensing and signaling: Roots function as primary sensors of water stress. As the soil dries, changes in root metabolism such as a decrease in cytokinin production, increase in ABA production, and disturbance of nitrogen metabolism send biochemical signals to the shoots that induce physiological changes such as decrease in growth, stomatal conductance and rate of photosynthesis, regardless of the water status of the leaves. In addition to the functions listed above, roots play a crucial role in the storage and turnover of carbon in the terrestrial ecosystem. About three quarters of terrestrial carbon is stored in the soil as soil organic matter. Roots are the primary vector for most carbon entering the soil carbon pool. It is very likely that most of the organic carbon in soil is derived from roots (Rasse et al., 2005). In many arable systems, especially those in subtropical and tropical regions, since aboveground plant residues are grazed or removed, root-derived C is the primary C input to soil and contributor to soil organic carbon (SOC) (Heal et al., 1997). In agroecosystems where no aboveground crop residues or external sources of organic matter are added, roots are the only source of organic carbon in soil. Not Available |
|
| Date |
2020-01-21T08:38:22Z
2020-01-21T08:38:22Z 2017-01 |
|
| Type |
Technical Report
|
|
| Identifier |
Not Available
Not Available http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/30955 |
|
| Language |
English
|
|
| Relation |
Not Available;
|
|
| Publisher |
ICAR_CRIDA
|
|