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Network Project on Impact, Adaptation and Vulnerability of Indian Agriculture to Climate Change Annual Report 2008 - 09

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Title Network Project on Impact, Adaptation and Vulnerability of Indian Agriculture to Climate Change Annual Report 2008 - 09
Network Project on Impact, Adaptation and Vulnerability of Indian Agriculture to Climate Change Annual Report 2008 - 09
 
Creator ICAR_CRIDA_NPCC
 
Subject Impact, Adaptation and Vulnerability of Indian Agriculture to Climate Change
 
Description Not Available
Analysis on mean annual temperature trends of 47 locations spread across the country indicated
increasing trend in the central and southern parts and north eastern region. While decreasing trend
is observed in some parts of Gujarat, Konkan region, NW parts of Madhya Pradesh and Eastern
Rajasthan.
l Experiments conducted under controlled environment conditions (FACE, TGT, OTC and portable
chamber) to assess the effect of elevated temperature and CO2
showed that a rise in atmospheric
temperature reduced the biomass and yield of rice, greengram, pigeon pea, wheat and chickpea.
Among the crops rice, pigeonpea and chickpea showed greater thermal stability as compared to
greengram and wheat. Rice and chickpea showed greater thermal sensitivity during reproductive
growth phase, while pigeonpea and greengram showed greater thermal sensitivity during ripening
growth phase. Inreased CO2
lead to higher biomass in plantation crops such as coconut, arecanut
and cocoa; while reduced stomatal conductance, stomatal density and leaf surface wax leading
to increased water use efficiency. However, slight reduction in polyphenols may predispose
coconut and cocoa plants for pest and disease incidence in elevated CO2
conditions. Tomato yields
increased by 26.5% in elevated CO2
(550ppm).
l In order to quantify the impact of climate change on quality, analysis was carried out on the
economic produce of various crops. Results indicated that protein content of wheat, greengram
and chickpea grain increased marginally with rise in temperature, whereas it decreased marginally
with rise in CO2
level. Starch content however, showed reverse trend under elevated temperature
and CO2
in wheat grain. Oil content of sunflower seed increased markedly under elevated CO2
condition. In tomato, even though lycopene and carotenoid content did not differ, antioxidants
were higher at elevated CO2
(550 ppm) concentrations. Influence of storage temperature from
22 to 45o
C on keeping quality of coconut copra and oil reduced oil percentage while it increased
starch, carbohydrates and reducing sugars in copra. It also reduced the shelf life of coconut oil as
indicated by increase in free fatty acids, acid value and peroxide value.
l While crops may take some time to adapt to climate change, our preliminary results showed that
high thermal stress imposed on soil microorganism led to the generation of some distinct forms
indicating their rapid adaptation to further extended/widened range of temperature.
l The impacts of climate change on hydrology of Belura watersheds Akola, using SWAT model
indicated that under same cropping pattern and management activities, surface runoff and total
sediment load, total aquifer recharge, water yield and PET are likely to increase significantly with
increase in rainfall. The cost of bunding and trenching is likely to increase considerably due to
additional earth work required.
Not Available
 
Date 2020-01-21T08:35:21Z
2020-01-21T08:35:21Z
2010-02
 
Type Technical Report
 
Identifier Not Available
Not Available
http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/30945
 
Language English
 
Relation Not Available;
 
Publisher ICAR_CRIDA_NPCC