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Rice breeding in India: eight decades of journey towards enhancing the genetic gain for yield, nutritional quality, and commodity value

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Title Rice breeding in India: eight decades of journey towards enhancing the genetic gain for yield, nutritional quality, and commodity value
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Creator Mridul Chakraborti, Anilkumar C , Ram Lakhan Verma , Abdul Fiyaz R , Reshmi Raj KR , BC Patra , Divya Balakrishnan, Sutapa Sarkar, Nimai P Mondal, Meera K Kar, Jitendriya Meher, RM Sundaram, and LV Subba Rao
 
Subject Indian rice breeding, genetic gain, yield, value addition
 
Description Not Available
The contribution of rice breeding for ensuring food security in India is well known. Organized rice breeding is
nearly eight decades old in the country which started with the establishment of Central Rice Research Institute
at Cuttack in the year 1946. Thereafter, the rice breeding programmes have undergone several transformations
to meet the needs of stakeholders at both regional and national level. For all the rice ecologies of the country,
high yielding varieties were developed by deployment of the required genes. Initially the objectives were met
only through phenotypic selections based on breeders' own skills. With time, the rice breeders of the country
adopted the advances in the fields of science and technologies especially in the areas of plant sciences. From the
initial phase of users of methodologies and materials developed elsewhere, the rice scientists of India have
transformed themselves to discover useful genes from the vast germplasm resources of the country and utilize
them as per the local requirements through marker assisted selection. Despite the progress made in last few
decades, the genetic gain from breeding programmes is becoming stagnant over time and the increased yield in
current years are now attributed more to production interventions. The rice breeders of India need to take
advantage of the recent developments of speed breeding, whole genome sequences of various Oryza species,
advanced phenomics and computational methods, high throughput genotyping platforms, tissue culture and
genome editing tools etc. to shift from its current approach of "breeding by chance" to "breeding by design" and
to bring significant improvements in the rate of genetic gain per generation
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Date 2022-04-05T22:08:25Z
2022-04-05T22:08:25Z
2021-04-15
 
Type Research Paper
 
Identifier Chakraborti, M., Anilkumar, C., Verma, R. L., Abdul Fiyaz, R., Reshmi Raj, K. R., Patra, B. C., ... & Subba Rao, L. V. (2021). Rice breeding in India: eight decades of journey towards enhancing the genetic gain for yield, nutritional quality, and commodity value.
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http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/71222
 
Language English
 
Relation Not Available;
 
Publisher Orzya