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Co-Implementation of Tillage, Precision Nitrogen, and Water Management Enhances Water Productivity, Economic Returns, and Energy-Use Efficiency of Direct-Seeded Rice

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Title Co-Implementation of Tillage, Precision Nitrogen, and Water Management Enhances Water Productivity, Economic Returns, and Energy-Use Efficiency of Direct-Seeded Rice
Not Available
 
Creator Vijay Pratap
Anchal Dass
Shiva Dhar
Subhash Babu
Vinod Kumar Singh
Raj Singh
Prameela Krishnan
Susama Sudhishri
Arti Bhatia
Sarvendra Kumar
Anil Kumar Choudhary
Renu Singh
Pramod Kumar
Susheel Kumar Sarkar
Sunil Kumar Verma
Kavita Kumari
Aye Aye San
 
Subject conservation agriculture
direct-seeded rice
irrigation scenarios
leaf color chart
SPAD meter
water productivity
precision nitrogen management
 
Description Not Available
The sustainability of conventional rice (Oryza sativa L.) production systems is often questioned due to the over-mining of groundwater and environmental degradation. This has led to the
development of cost-effective, resource-efficient, and environmentally clean rice production systems
by optimizing water and nitrogen (N) use. Hence, a 2-year field study (2019 and 2020) was conducted
at the ICAR–Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, to assess the effect of precision N and
water management strategies on growth, land, and water productivity, as well as energy-use efficiency
in scented direct-seeded rice (DSR). Two crop establishment methods, conventional-till DSR (CT-DSR)
and zero-till DSR (ZT-DSR) along with three irrigation scenarios (assured irrigation (irrigation after
72 h of the drying of surface water), irrigation at 20% depletion of available soil moisture (DASM),
and 40% DASM+Si (80 kg ha−1
)) were assigned to the main plots; three N management options, a
100% recommended dose of N (RDN): 150 kg ha−1
; Nutrient Expert®(NE®)+leaf color chart (LCC)
and NE®+soil plant analysis development (SPAD) meter-based N management were allocated to
sub-plots in a three-time replicated split-plot design. The CT-DSR produced 1.4, 11.8, and 89.4, and
2.4, 18.8, and 152.8% more grain yields, net returns, and net energy in 2019 and 2020, respectively, over
ZT-DSR. However, ZT-DSR recorded 8.3 and 10.7% higher water productivity (WP) than CT-DSR.
Assured irrigation resulted in 10.6, 16.1 16.9, and 8.1 and 12.3, 21.8 20.6, and 6.7% higher grain yields,
net returns, net energy, and WP in 2019 and 2020, respectively, over irrigation at 20% DASM. Further,
NE®+SPAD meter-based N management saved 27.1% N and recorded 9.6, 18.3, 16.8, and 8.3, and
8.8, 21.7, 19.9, and 10.7% greater grain yields, net returns, net energy, and WP over RDN in 2019 and
2020, respectively. Thus, the study suggested that the NE®+SPAD-based N application is beneficial
over RDN for productivity, resource-use efficiency, and N-saving (~32 kg ha−1
) both in CA-based
and conventionally cultivated DSR. This study also suggests irrigating DSR after 72 h of the drying
of surface water; however, under obviously limited water supplies, irrigation can be delayed until
20% DASM, thus saving two irrigations, which can be diverted to additional DSR areas.
Not Available
 
Date 2022-09-13T07:13:48Z
2022-09-13T07:13:48Z
2022-09-07
 
Type Research Paper
 
Identifier Pratap, V.; Dass, A.; Dhar, S.; Babu, S.; Singh, V.K.; Singh, R.; Krishnan, P.; Sudhishri, S.; Bhatia, A.; Kumar, S.; et al. Co-Implementation of Tillage, Precision Nitrogen, and Water Management Enhances Water Productivity, Economic Returns, and Energy-Use Efficiency of DirectSeeded Rice. Sustainability 2022, 14, 11234. https://doi.org/10.3390/ su141811234
Not Available
http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/74091
 
Language English
 
Relation Not Available;
 
Publisher MDPI