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First Report of a 16SrV-C Phytoplasma Causing Little Leaf and Bunchy Top of Tossa Jute (Corchorus olitorius) in India

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Title First Report of a 16SrV-C Phytoplasma Causing Little Leaf and Bunchy Top of Tossa Jute (Corchorus olitorius) in India
Not Available
 
Creator C. Biswas, P. Dey, A. Bera, M. Kumar, and S. Satpathy
 
Subject Jute, phytoplasma 16Sr V-C, little leaf, bunchy top
 
Description Not Available
Jute is the most important phloem fiber crop of the world, and is mainly grown in the
South East Asian countries of India, Bangladesh, Nepal, China, Indonesia, Thailand, and
Myanmar, and few South American countries. The fiber is used in making sacks, ropes,
bags, carpets, shoes, geo-textiles, and home decorations. There are two kinds of jute:
tossa jute (Corchorus olitorius L.) and white jute (C. capsularis). In June 2012, symptoms
suggestive of phytoplasma infection (little leaf and bunchy top) were noticed on tossa jute
in different experimental fields of the CRIJAF research farm, Barrackpore, India, and the
incidence of the disease varied from 5 to 20%. The infected plants showed profuse lateral
branching with a bushy appearance. In many plants, branching at the apical portion
developed a bunchy top symptom with tufts of smaller leaves. Leafy stem was also common
in many plants with main stems covered with numerous little leaves. Total DNA was
extracted from leaf midveins of 15 symptomatic and 5 asymptomatic plants by using an
improved salt concentration and simple sodium acetate CTAB method (1). PCR was carried
out with universal P1/P7 primer set followed by nested primer pair R16F2n/R16R2 (3),
resulting in DNA amplicons that were 1.8 kb and 1.2 kb, respectively, in all symptomatic
samples tested. Phytoplasma was not detected in symptomless samples. The five purified
nested products were cloned in a pGEM-T Easy vector (Promega) and sequenced. One of
the sequences that proved to be identical was deposited in GenBank (Accession No.
KF501045). The consensus sequence was analyzed by NCBI BLAST and found to share 99%
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Plant Disease Journal - 98(4):565 - Abstract
file:///C|/Drive%20E/Published%20Papers/Plant%20Disease%20Jute%20phytoplasma.htm[14 - 06 - 2018 12:13:35]
similarity with the 16Sr DNA sequence of the alder yellows phytoplasma reference strain
(GenBank Accession No. AY028789), which belongs to the 16SrV group. The phylogenetic
tree based on the 16SrDNA sequence of phytoplasmas belonging to group 16SrV and other
distinct phytoplasma groups also showed that the phytoplasma clustered with members of
subgroup 16SrV (4). Subsequently, in silico RFLP analysis of the nested PCR product with
the pDRAW32 program using AluI and TruI restriction site used for 16SrV subgroups A, B,
C, D, and E indicated that the 16SrV Corchorus strain belonged to subgroup C. RFLP
patterns from all symptomatic C. olitorius samples were identical to the 16SrV-C pattern
(2). The vector species transmitting the concerned phytoplasma in C. olitorius still needs to
be identified. The leaf hopper, Amrasca biguttula biguttula, may be a potential vector as it is
often noticed in jute fields. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of 16SrV-C
phytoplasma associated with tossa jute (C. olitorius) in India. Initiative has to be taken to
manage this disease; otherwise, branching of the main stems would badly affect the fiber
quality as well as yield.
 
Date 2020-08-06T08:40:50Z
2020-08-06T08:40:50Z
2014-04-01
 
Type Research Paper
 
Identifier Not Available
Not Available
http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/39002
 
Language English
 
Relation Not Available;
 
Publisher American Phytopathological Society