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First Report of a 16Sr I-B Phytoplasma Associated with Phyllody and Stem Fasciation of Flax (Linum usitatissimum) in India

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Title First Report of a 16Sr I-B Phytoplasma Associated with Phyllody and Stem Fasciation of Flax (Linum usitatissimum) in India
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Creator C.Biswas, P.Dey, K.Mandal, J.Mitra, S.Satpathy, and P. G.Karmakar
 
Subject Flax, Phytoplasma 16Sr-IB, phyllody, stem fasciation
 
Description Not Available
Flax or linseed is grown as a fiber or oilseed crop in tropical and temperate regions. It is
commercially cultivated in many countries of the world including Canada, China, India, the
United States, Ethiopia, Pakistan, Russia, Poland, and Argentina (1). In December 2013,
symptoms suggestive of phytoplasma infection were noticed on flax in different experimental
fields of Central Research Institute for Jute and Allied Fibres (CRIJAF) research farm,
Barrackpore, India, and the incidence was less than 2%. Because incidence of phytoplasma
diseases are increasing worldwide, occurrence of a phytoplasma in a new geographical area
poses an imminent threat. The infected plants showed floral virescence, phyllody, and stem
fasciation (flattened stem). Floral malformation was very conspicuous with abnormal
structures replacing normal flowers. All the floral parts, including petals, turned into green
leaves. Total DNA was extracted from leaf mid veins of three symptomatic and three
asymptomatic plants using a DNeasy Plant Mini Kit (Qiagen). PCR was carried out with the
phytoplasma-specific universal P1/P7 primer set followed by nested primer pair
R16F2n/R16R2 (2), resulting in DNA amplicons that were 1.8 kb and 1.2 kb, respectively, in
all symptomatic samples tested. No amplification was observed with DNA from symptomless
samples. This suggested association of a phytoplasma with the disease. The five purified
nested PCR products were cloned in a pGEM-T Easy vector (Promega) and sequenced. One
of the sequences that proved to be identical to the others was deposited in GenBank
(Accession No. KJ417660). The consensus sequence was analyzed by NCBI BLAST and
found to share 99% similarity with the 16Sr DNA sequence of the ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma
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Plant Disease Journal - 98(9):1267 - Abstract
file:///C|/Drive%20E/Published%20Papers/Plant%20Disease%20%20flax%20phytoplasma.htm[14 - 06 - 2018 12:11:42]
asteris' reference strain (GenBank HQ828108), which belongs to 16SrI group. The
phylogenetic tree based on 16SrDNA sequence of phytoplasmas belonging to group 16SrI
and other distinct phytoplasma groups also showed that the phytoplasma clustered with
members of group 16SrI (3). The nested PCR product of R16F2n/R16R2 was digested using
restriction enzymes AluI, BfaI, BstU, HhaI, HpaI, KpnI, MseI, and RsaI. The RFLP patterns
were compared with those of known phytoplasma strains (2) and they matched the patterns
for aster yellows subgroup B (16Sr I-B). Subsequently, the iPhyClassifier 16Sr
group/subgroup classification based on similarity (4) analyses showed that the studied
strain had 16SrDNA sequences in the 16SrI-B group with a similarity coefficient of 1.00. To
the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of 16SrI-B phytoplasma associated with
flax in India.
Not Available
 
Date 2020-08-06T08:41:37Z
2020-08-06T08:41:37Z
2014-09-01
 
Type Research Paper
 
Identifier Not Available
Not Available
http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/39003
 
Language English
 
Relation Not Available;
 
Publisher American Phytopathological Society