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Droits fonciers coutumiers et autonomie regionale a Kalimantan a Kalimantan-Est (Indonesie): entre enjeux de pouvoir et contrôle de l’accès aux ressources.

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Title Droits fonciers coutumiers et autonomie regionale a Kalimantan a Kalimantan-Est (Indonesie): entre enjeux de pouvoir et contrôle de l’accès aux ressources.
 
Creator Levang, P.
Buyse, N.
 
Subject tenure systems
land use
customary law
property rights
decentralization
local government
regional government
ethnic groups
 
Description According to the Indonesian constitution of 1945, customary rights are only recognized if not in contradiction with the superior interests of the Nation. The contradiction is most blatant in matters of forest management. Under the Dutch colonial rule as well as under the auspices of the young independent republic, the rights of forest peoples over their resources were always denied. Forest management is entrusted to the Ministry of Forestry who controls more than 70% of the total surface of the archipelago. The central power only recognizes tenure rights to local populations on cultivated land: rice fields and plantations. Primary forest and forest re-growth are considered property of the State, in clear opposition to the customary laws for which the right of axe is inalienable. Under the sinewy dictatorship of General Suharto, the indigenous peoples were forced to silently witness the plunder of their forest resources without any compensation. The situation changed entirely with the fall of Suharto in 1998 and the implementation of the regional autonomy from 1999 onwards. For long despised and ignored by the central power, the indigenous populations, sustained in it by indigenist NGOs and the new political parties allowed, asked for the respect of their customary laws and the recognition of their tenure rights. In East-Kalimantan, the revival of adat proved to be more complicated than anticipated. On the one hand, the indigenous ethnic groups always showed a strong spatial mobility, on the other hand, the province has welcomed migrants in numbers largely superior to the natives. History and archaeology became the local populations’ new hobbies. The recourse to history and the research of archaeological vestiges have only one goal: to prove the antecedence of the occupation of the territory, and thus to justify the demands of royalties for the exploitation of natural resources.
2007
2012-06-04T09:12:44Z
2012-06-04T09:12:44Z
Journal Article
Levang, P., Buyse, N. 2007. Droits fonciers coutumiers et autonomie regionale a Kalimantan a Kalimantan-Est (Indonesie): entre enjeux de pouvoir et contrôle de l’accès aux ressources. VertigO 4 (4) :1-8.
https://hdl.handle.net/10568/19780
https://www.cifor.org/knowledge/publication/2374
fr
p. 1-8
VertigO
oai:cgspace.cgiar.org:10568/179222023-06-12T09:27:06Zcom_10568_16701col_10568_16702
Tropical acacias planted in Asia: an overview
Turnbull, J.W.
Midgley, S. J.
Cossalter, C.
acacias
planting
tropics
Australian acaias are planted in over 70 countries and cover about 2 million ha. This area is dominated by Acacia mearnsii, A saligna and A. mangium. In the past five years there has been a massive increase in the area of A. mangium plantations in Indonesia for pulpwood, and modest increases in China, India, Malaysia and Vietnam. The area now totals 600 000 ha. Recent development of plantations of tropical acacias is related to the profitability of growing acacia plantations due to the decreasing availability and higher costs of wood from natural forests, the opportunity to increase productivity of degraded sites, and the suitability of fast-grown wood for paper and reconstituted boards. Furthermore, research in genetics and breeding has identified superior provenances, developed seed orchards, and cloned fast growing hybrids. Molecular biology techniques have enabled rapid characterisation of genotypes and the detection of genetic variation. Nutrition research has demonstrated the value of phosphorus fertilisation on most sites and the benefits of inoculation with selected rhizobia and mycorrhizas. Surveys have identified potentially damaging pathogens and insects. All these have contributed greatly to reducing costs and increasing the potential returns from acacia plantations. There is an increased market acceptance of tropical acacia wood but research on wood properties and development of new products is a priority. As the large area of first-rotation plantations is harvested there is an increasing priority to develop management options to ensure minimal decline in site productivity and plantation yield in successive rotations.
 
Date 1998
2012-06-04T09:04:45Z
2012-06-04T09:04:45Z
 
Type Book Chapter
 
Identifier Turnbull, J.W., Midgley, S. J., Cossalter, C. 1998. Tropical acacias planted in Asia: an overview . ACIAR Proceedings No.82. In: Turnbull, J. W., Crompton, H. R. and Pinyopusarerk, K. (eds.). Recent developments in acacia planting: proceedings of an international workshop held in Hanoi, Vietnam, 27 - 30 October 1997. :14-28.
https://hdl.handle.net/10568/17922
https://www.cifor.org/knowledge/publication/408
 
Language en
 
Format p. 14-28