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Geographical distribution and genetic dversity of the Banana Fusarium Wilt Fungus in Laos and Vietnam

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Title Geographical distribution and genetic dversity of the Banana Fusarium Wilt Fungus in Laos and Vietnam
 
Creator Chittarath, Khonesavanh
Nguyen, Chung Huy
Bailey, Wendy C.
Zheng, Si-Jun
Mostert, Diane
Viljoen, Altus
Tazuba, Anthony Fredrick Kadama
Ocimati, Walter
Kearsley, Elizabeth
Chi, Trần Yến
Tho, Nguyen Thi
Hung, Nguyen Tien
Dita Rodriguez, Miguel Angel
Shah, Trushar
Karanja, Margaret
Mahuku, George
Blomme, Guy
 
Subject surveys
geographical distribution
plant diseases
control methods
encuestas
distribución geográfica
enfermedades de las plantas
 
Description Fusarium wilt, caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), poses a major threat to global banana production. The tropical race 4 (TR4) variant of Foc is a highly virulent form
with a large host range, and severely affects Cavendish bananas. Foc TR4 was recently observed within the Greater Mekong Subregion, after Chinese private companies expanded Cavendish pro duction to the region. In this study, extensive surveys conducted across Laos and Vietnam show that Foc TR4 is still mainly constricted to the northern regions of these countries and is limited to Cavendish cultivation settings. In Laos, Foc TR4 is associated with large-scale Cavendish plantations owned by or involved with Chinese companies through which infected planting material could have been imported. In Vietnam, mostly small-holder Cavendish farmers and backyard gardens were affected by Foc TR4. In Vietnam, no direct link is found with Chinese growers, and it is expected the pathogen mainly spreads through local and regional movement of infected planting materials. Foc TR4 was not recorded on banana cultivars other than Cavendish. The extensively cultivated ‘Pisang Awak’ cultivar was solely infected by VCGs belonging to Foc race 1 and 2, with a high occurrence of VCG 0123 across Laos, and of VCG 0124/5 in Vietnam. Substantial diversity of Foc VCGs was recorded (VCGs 0123, 0124/5, 01218 and 01221) from northern to southern regions in both countries, suggesting that Fusarium wilt is well established in the region. Interviews with farmers indicated that the local knowledge of Fusarium wilt epidemiology and options for disease management was limited. Clear communication efforts on disease epidemiology and management with emphasis on biosecurity practices need to be improved in order to prevent further spread of Foc TR4 to mixed variety smallholder settings.
 
Date 2022-01-02
2022-01-13T11:52:42Z
2022-01-13T11:52:42Z
 
Type Journal Article
 
Identifier Chittarath, K.; Nguyen, C.H.; Bailey, W.C.; Zheng, S.-J.; Mostert, D.; Viljoen, A.; Tazuba, A.F.; Ocimati, W.; Kearsley, E.; Chi, T.Y; Tho, N.T.; Hung, N.T.; Dita, M.; Shah, T.; Karanja, M.; Mahuku, G.; Blomme, G. (2022) Geographical distribution and genetic dversity of the Banana Fusarium Wilt Fungus in Laos and Vietnam. Journal of Fungi 8(1), 46. ISSN: 2309-608X
2309-608X
https://hdl.handle.net/10568/117493
https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8010046
 
Language en
 
Rights CC-BY-4.0
Open Access
 
Format 15 p.
application/pdf
 
Publisher MDPI AG
 
Source Journal of Fungi