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Aflatoxin exposure from milk in rural Kenya and the contribution to the risk of liver cancer

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Title Aflatoxin exposure from milk in rural Kenya and the contribution to the risk of liver cancer
 
Creator Sirma, A.J.
Makita, K.
Grace, Delia
Senerwa, D.
Lindahl, Johanna F.
 
Subject aflatoxins
milk
health
food safety
animal products
dairying
 
Description Milk is an important commodity in Kenya; the country has the largest dairy herd and highest per capita milk consumption in East Africa. As such, hazards in milk are of concern. Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is a toxic metabolite of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) excreted in milk by lactating animals after ingesting AFB1-contaminated feeds. This metabolite is injurious to human health, but there is little information on the risk to human health posed by AFM1 in milk in rural Kenya. To fill this gap, a quantitative risk assessment (QRA) applying probabilistic statistical tools to quantify risks was conducted. This assessed the risk of liver cancer posed by AFM1 in milk, assuming 10-fold lower carcinogenicity than AFB1. Data from four agro–ecological zones in Kenya (semi-arid, temperate, sub-humid and humid) were used. We estimated that people were exposed to between 0.3 and 1 ng AFM1 per kg body weight per day through the consumption of milk. The annual incidence rates of cancer attributed to the consumption of AFM1 in milk were 3.5 × 10−3 (95% CI: 3 × 10−3–3.9 × 10−3), 2.9 × 10−3 (95% CI: 2.5 × 10−3–3.3 × 10−3), 1.4 × 10−3 (95% CI: 1.2 × 10−3–1.5 × 10−3) and 2.7 × 10−3 (95% CI: 2.3 × 10−3–3 × 10−3) cancers per 100,000 in adult females, adult males, children 6–18 years old, and in children less than five years old, respectively. Our results show that aflatoxin exposure from milk contributes relatively little to the incidence of liver cancer. Nonetheless, risk managers should take action based on cumulative exposure from all sources of aflatoxins.
 
Date 2019-08-10
2019-08-13T13:40:42Z
2019-08-13T13:40:42Z
 
Type Journal Article
 
Identifier Sirma, A.J., Makita, K., Grace, D., Senerwa, D. and Lindahl, J.F. 2019. Aflatoxin exposure from milk in rural Kenya and the contribution to the risk of liver cancer. Toxins 11(8): 469.
2072-6651
https://hdl.handle.net/10568/102494
https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins11080469
 
Language en
 
Rights CC-BY-4.0
Open Access
 
Source Toxins