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Phytosanitary Interventions for Safe Global Germplasm Exchange and the Prevention of Transboundary Pest Spread: The Role of CGIAR Germplasm Health Units

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Title Phytosanitary Interventions for Safe Global Germplasm Exchange and the Prevention of Transboundary Pest Spread: The Role of CGIAR Germplasm Health Units
 
Creator Kumar, P. Lava
Cuervo Ibáñez, Maritza
Kreuze, Jan F.
Muller, Giovanna
Kulkarni, Gururaj
Kumari, Safaa G.
Massart, Sébastien
Mezzalama, Monica
Alakonya, Amos
Muchugi, Alice
Graziosi, Ignazio
Ndjiondjop, Marie-Noelle
Sharma, Rajan
Teressa, Alemayehu
 
Subject genetic resources
germplasm
germplasm banks
plant health
 
Description The inherent ability of seeds (orthodox, intermediate, and recalcitrant seeds and vegetative propagules) to serve as carriers of pests and pathogens (hereafter referred to as pests) and the risk of transboundary spread along with the seed movement present a high-risk factor for international germplasm distribution activities. Quarantine and phytosanitary procedures have been established by many countries around the world to minimize seed-borne pest spread by screening export and import consignments of germplasm. The effectiveness of these time-consuming and cost-intensive procedures depends on the knowledge of pest distribution, availability of diagnostic tools for seed health testing, qualified operators, procedures for inspection, and seed phytosanitation. This review describes a unique multidisciplinary approach used by the CGIAR Germplasm Health Units (GHUs) in ensuring phytosanitary protection for the safe conservation and global movement of germplasm from the 11 CGIAR genebanks and breeding programs that acquire and distribute germplasm to and from all parts of the world for agricultural research and food security. We also present the challenges, lessons learned, and recommendations stemming from the experience of GHUs, which collaborate with the national quarantine systems to export and distribute about 100,000 germplasm samples annually to partners located in about 90 to 100 countries. Furthermore, we describe how GHUs adjust their procedures to stay in alignment with evolving phytosanitary regulations and pest risk scenarios. In conclusion, we state the benefits of globally coordinated phytosanitary networks for the prevention of the intercontinental spread of pests that are transmissible through plant propagation materials.
 
Date 2021
2021-02-14T13:57:14Z
2021-02-14T13:57:14Z
 
Type Journal Article
 
Identifier Kumar, P. L.; Cuervo, Maritza; Kreuze, J. F.; Muller, Giovanna; Kulkarni, Gururaj; Kumari, Safaa G.; Massart, Sebastien; Mezzalama, Monica; Alakonya, Amos; Muchugi, Alice; Graziosi, Ignazio; Ndjiondjop, Marie-Noelle; Sharma, Rajan; Negawo, Alemayehu T. 2021. Phytosanitary Interventions for Safe Global Germplasm Exchange and the Prevention of Transboundary Pest Spread: The Role of CGIAR Germplasm Health Units. Plants 10 (2): 328.
2223-7747
https://hdl.handle.net/10568/111304
https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10020328
 
Language en
 
Rights CC-BY-4.0
Open Access
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher MDPI AG
 
Source Plants