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Identifying optimum rates of fertilizer nitrogen application to maximize economic return and minimize nitrous oxide emission from rice–wheat systems in the Indo-Gangetic Plains of India

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Title Identifying optimum rates of fertilizer nitrogen application to maximize economic return and minimize nitrous oxide emission from rice–wheat systems in the Indo-Gangetic Plains of India
 
Creator Sapkota, Tek Bahadur
Singh, Love Kumar
Yadav, Arvind Kumar
Khatri-Chhetri, Arun
Jat, Hanuman Sahay
Sharma, Parbodh Chander
Jat, Mangi Lal
Stirling, Clare M
 
Subject agriculture
climate change
food security
fertilisers
nitrous oxide
rice
wheat
 
Description Rice–wheat (RW) cropping system in India is a major source of N2O emissions. In such system, defining N rates that deliver minimal N2O emissions and economically optimum yield would benefit both food production and the environment. We measured yield and N2O fluxes from RW systems in Northwest IGP under two tillage systems and five N rates (0, 75, 150, 225 and 300 kg N ha−1) for both rice and wheat using static chamber method. Seasonal pattern of N2O emission was mainly influenced by fertilizer and water application events with no significant effect of tillage systems. Mean annual N2O emission from RW system was 1.49 kg N ha−1 in N75 plot and 2.97–3.04 in the plots receiving ≥150 kg N ha−1. On average, the yield-scaled N2O emissions of rice and wheat were 0.25 and 0.52 kg N2O–N mg−1, respectively. Our finding suggests that N rates between 120–200 kg N ha−1 in rice and 50–185 kg ha−1 in wheat provide the most economical returns and application rates beyond these ranges would be both economically and environmentally unsustainable. Within the range of N rate studied, fertilizer-induced N2O-EF for rice and wheat were 0.41% and 0.79%, respectively.
 
Date 2020-12-05
2020-02-05T20:20:07Z
2020-02-05T20:20:07Z
 
Type Journal Article
 
Identifier Sapkota TB, Singh LK, Yadav AK, Khatri-Chhetri A, Jat HS, Sharma PC, Jat ML, Stirling CM. 2020. Identifying optimum rates of fertilizer nitrogen application to maximize economic return and minimize nitrous oxide emission from rice–wheat systems in the Indo-Gangetic Plains of India. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science 66(14):2039-2054.
0365-0340
https://hdl.handle.net/10568/106955
https://doi.org/10.1080/03650340.2019.1708332
 
Language en
 
Rights CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0
Open Access
 
Format p. 2039-2054
 
Publisher Informa UK Limited
 
Source Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science