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Maximizing genetic representation in seed collections from populations of self and cross-pollinated banana wild relatives

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Title Maximizing genetic representation in seed collections from populations of self and cross-pollinated banana wild relatives
 
Creator Kallow, Simon
Panis, Bartholomeus
Vu, Dang Toan
Vu, Tuong Dang
Paofa, Janet
Mertens, Arne
Swennen, Rony L.
Janssens, Steven B.
 
Subject conservation agriculture
crop wild relatives
gene banks
genetic variation
sampling
agricultura de conservación
especies silvestres afín a las plantas cultivadas
banco de genes
 
Description Background: Conservation of plant genetic resources, including the wild relatives of crops, plays an important and well recognised role in addressing some of the key challenges faced by humanity and the planet including ending hunger and biodiversity loss. However, the genetic diversity and representativeness of ex situ collections, especially that contained in seed collections, is often unknown. This limits meaningful assessments against conservation targets, impairs targeting of future collecting and limits their use. We assessed genetic representation of seed collections compared to source populations for three wild relatives of bananas and plantains. Focal species and sampling regions were M. acuminata subsp. banksii (Papua New Guinea), M. balbisiana (Viet Nam) and M. maclayi s.l. (Bougainville, Papua New Guinea). We sequenced 445 samples using suites of 16–20 existing and newly developed taxon-specific polymorphic microsatellite markers. Samples of each species were from five populations in a region; 15 leaf samples from different individuals and 16 seed samples from one infructescence (‘bunch’) were analysed for each population.

Results: Allelic richness of seeds compared to populations was 51, 81 and 93% (M. acuminata, M. balbisiana and M. maclayi respectively). Seed samples represented all common alleles in populations but omitted some rarer alleles. The number of collections required to achieve the 70% target of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation was species dependent, relating to mating systems. Musa acuminata populations had low heterozygosity and diversity, indicating self-fertilization; many bunches were needed (> 15) to represent regional alleles to 70%; over 90% of the
alleles from a bunch are included in only two seeds. Musa maclayi was characteristically cross-fertilizing; only three bunches were needed to represent regional alleles; within a bunch, 16 seeds represent alleles. Musa balbisiana, considered cross-fertilized, had low genetic diversity; seeds of four bunches are needed to represent regional alleles;
only two seeds represent alleles in a bunch.

Conclusions: We demonstrate empirical measurement of representation of genetic material in seeds collections in ex situ conservation towards conservation targets. Species mating systems profoundly affected genetic representation in seed collections and therefore should be a primary consideration to maximize genetic representation. Results are applicable to sampling strategies for other wild species.
 
Date 2021-12
2021-09-14T10:40:27Z
2021-09-14T10:40:27Z
 
Type Journal Article
 
Identifier Kallow, S.; Panis, B.; Vu, D.T.; Vu, T.D.; Paofa, J.; Mertens, A.; Swennen, R.; Janssens, S.B. (2021) Maximizing genetic representation in seed collections from populations of self and cross-pollinated banana wild relatives. BMC Plant Biology 21: 415. ISSN: 1471-2229
1471-2229
https://hdl.handle.net/10568/114971
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-021-03142-y
 
Language en
 
Rights CC-BY-4.0
Open Access
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher Springer Science and Business Media LLC
 
Source BMC Plant Biology