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Temperature-Dependent Development and Degree-day Model of Epilachna vigintioctopunctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) on Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera)

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Title Temperature-Dependent Development and Degree-day Model of Epilachna vigintioctopunctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) on Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera)
Not Available
 
Creator Chaudhary, V.
Saravanan, L.
 
Subject Not Available
 
Description Not Available
The spotted or Hadda beetle, Epilachna vigintioctopunctata is a polyphagous pest and mainly attacking the crops of the family Solanaceae (potato, egg plant, tomato), Cucurbitaceae (gourds, melon, cucumber etc.) and Fabaceae (soya and haricot beans) (Ghosh and Senapati, 2001; Venkatesh, 2006; Varma and Anandhi, 2008). It also attacks several wild solanaceous medicinal plants such as Physalis spp. (Mohanasundaram and Uthamaswamy, 1973), Datura spp., Solanum spp. and wild ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) etc. (Mathur and Srivastava, 1964; and Ramanna et al., 2010). It is widely distributed in South East Asia, Australia, Sri Lanka, China, Japan including India (Kapoor, 1950 and Richards, 1983). The spotted beetle is a defoliating pest and attacks the leaves of ashwagandha, both grubs and adults skeletonize the leaves by eating the chlorophyll and leaving the veins in a characteristic manner. In severe cases, leaves dry and fall down, and plant growth is stunted. If the infestation is at early stage, the plants get dried. (Mitra and Biswas, 2002; Tripathi et al., 2005; Venkatesh, 2006; Ravikumar et al., 2008; Ramanna et al., 2010). Seasonal occurrence and biology of spotted beetle has been studied on several wild and cultivated solonaceous crops including ashwagandha (Manjoo and Swaminathan, 2007; Varma and Anandhi, 2008; Venkatesh, 2006). Such information can not draw any relationship between developmental rate and temperature. Understanding the physiological relationship between temperature and development is important for the prediction of pests on crops and its seasonal emergence (Jervis and Copland, 1996). This information could be useful in developing sampling protocols, timing of insecticide application or implementing a biological control strategy targeting susceptible life stages of this insect in ashwagandha and other Solanaceous crops. Therefore, through present study an attempt has been made to determine the relationship between temperature and development of the immature stages of E. vigintioctopunctata on ashwagandha under controlled temperature conditions using linear regression model. Temperature-dependent development of different immature stages of hadda beetle was studied under laboratory conditions. Insects from laboratory colony were reared on leaves of ashwagandha to study the developmental rates and thermal requirements for development. Grubs of E. vigintioctopunctata were collected from the field of Ashwagandha variety JA-134 grown in Farm, Directorate of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Anand, Gujarat. These grubs were transferred to the laboratory and reared on the leaves of same host in transparent plastic containers of 25 x 10 cm lined with moistened blotting paper until they reached the pupal stage. The pupae were then separated and kept in a single layer in small transparent plastic containers having perforated lid and lined with moistened blotting paper. The emerged adults were collected, sexed and cultured on the leaves of same host in transparent plastic containers lined with moistened blotting paper to prevent desiccation of leaves and life stages. Fresh leaves were offered to the adults daily. Adults copulated and laid eggs in batches on the leaves. The egg masses were carefully removed along with a small bit of leaf on which they were attached and placed in transparent plastic Petri dish (60 mm) lined with moistened blotting paper to avoid desiccation of eggs. The Petri dishes were placed into BOD incubators set at 20, 25, 30 and 35 o C. Twenty five sets of egg masses of 20-30 eggs each were used for respective temperature regime used in the study. Egg masses kept at each temperature regime were monitored daily for recording their hatching period. Since, all the eggs in an egg mass at a particular temperature hatched at more or less same time, therefore for recording hatching period egg mass as whole was considered rather than the individual egg. The newly hatched larvae were separated by using soft camel's hair brush and transferred in a transparent plastic Petri dish lined with moistened blotting paper. For each regime of temperature 25 individual I st instar larvae were used. They were regularly fed on fresh ashwagandha leaves. Each individual was monitored regularly and moulting was confirmed by the presence of cast head capsule (exuviae).
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Date 2022-03-23T10:53:02Z
2022-03-23T10:53:02Z
2012-01-01
 
Type Research Paper
 
Identifier Not Available
ISSN: 0253-4355
http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/70551
 
Language English
 
Relation Not Available;
 
Publisher The Plant Protection Association of India (PPAI)