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Instrumental methods in bioprospecting: Gas liquid chromatography In: Winter School on Vistas in Marine Biotechnology 5th to 26th October 2010

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Relation http://eprints.cmfri.org.in/16704/
http://eprints.cmfri.org.in/16686/
 
Title Instrumental methods in bioprospecting: Gas liquid chromatography In: Winter School on Vistas in Marine Biotechnology 5th to 26th October 2010
 
Creator Chakraborty, Kajal
Vijayagopal, P
Vijayan, K K
 
Subject Bioprospecting
Biochemistry
 
Description Chromatography, although primarily a separation technique, is mostly employed in chemical
analysis. Nevertheless, to a limited extent, it is also used for preparative purposes, particularly for
the isolation of relatively small amounts of materials that have comparatively high intrinsic value. In
a single step process it can separate a mixture into its individual components and simultaneously
provide an quantitative estimate of each constituent. Samples may be gaseous, liquid or solid in
nature and can range in complexity from a simple blend of two entantiomers to a multi component
mixture containing widely differing chemical species. The first scientist to recognize chromatography
as an efficient method of separation was the Russian botanist Tswett, who used a simple form of
liquid-solid chromatography to separate a number of plant pigments. The colored bands he produced
on the adsorbent bed evoked the term chromatography for this type of separation (color writing).
Although color has little to do with modern chromatography, the name has persisted and, despite its
irrelevance, is still used for all separation techniques that employ the essential requisites for a
chromatographic separation, viz. a mobile phase and a stationary phase. Today, chromatography is
an extremely versatile technique; it can separate gases, and volatile substances by gas
chromatography (GC), in-volatile chemicals and materials of extremely high molecular weight
(including biopolymers) by liquid chromatography (LC). Chromatography is a separation process
that is achieved by distributing the components of a mixture between two phases, a stationary
phase and a mobile phase. Those components held preferentially in the stationary phase are retained
longer in the system than those that are distributed selectively in the mobile phase. As a consequence,
solutes are eluted from the system as local concentrations in the mobile phase in the order of their
increasing distribution coefficients with respect to the stationary phase; ipso facto a separation is
achieved.
 
Publisher ICAR- Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute
 
Date 2010
 
Type Teaching Resource
NonPeerReviewed
 
Format text
 
Language en
 
Identifier http://eprints.cmfri.org.in/16704/1/Vistas%20in%20Marine%20Biotechnology_2010_Chp%2027.pdf
Chakraborty, Kajal and Vijayagopal, P and Vijayan, K K (2010) Instrumental methods in bioprospecting: Gas liquid chromatography In: Winter School on Vistas in Marine Biotechnology 5th to 26th October 2010. [Teaching Resource]