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Instrumental methods in bioprospecting: High pressure liquid chromatography In: Winter School on Vistas in Marine Biotechnology 5th to 26th October 2010

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Relation http://eprints.cmfri.org.in/16707/
http://eprints.cmfri.org.in/16686/
 
Title Instrumental methods in bioprospecting: High pressure liquid
chromatography In: Winter School on Vistas in Marine Biotechnology 5th to 26th October 2010
 
Creator Chakraborty, Kajal
Vijayan, K K
Vijayagopal, P
 
Subject Bioprospecting
Biochemistry
 
Description Liquid chromatography (LC) was the first type of chromatography to be discovered and, in the
form of liquid-solid chromatography (LSC) was originally used in the late 1890s by the Russian
botanist, Tswett to separate and isolate various plant pigments. The colored bands he produced on
the adsorbent bed evoked the term chromatography (color writing) for this type of separation. In the
late 1930s and early 1940s Martin and Synge introduced a form of liquid-liquid chromatography by
supporting the stationary phase, in this case water, on silica gel in the form of a packed bed and
used it to separate some acetyl amino acids. Martin and Synge suggested the use of small particles
and high pressures in LC to improve the separation which proved to the critical factors that initiated
the development of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The statement made by Martin
in 1941 contains all the necessary conditions to realize both the high efficiencies and the high
resolution achieved by modern LC columns. Despite his recommendations, however, it has taken
nearly fifty years to bring his concepts to fruition. The major impediment to the development of LC
was the lack of a high sensitive detector and it was not until the refractive index detector was
developed by Tiselius and Claesson in 1942 could the technique being effectively developed. The
contemporary chromatograph, however, is a very complex instrument operating at pressures up to
10,000 PSI providing flow rates ranging from a few microliters per minute to 10-20 ml/minute
depending on the type of LC that is carried out. Modern detectors can detect solutes at concentration
levels of 1x10-9 g/ml and an analysis can be completed in a few minutes with just a few micrograms
of sample.
 
Publisher ICAR- Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute
 
Date 2010
 
Type Teaching Resource
NonPeerReviewed
 
Format text
 
Language en
 
Identifier http://eprints.cmfri.org.in/16707/1/Vistas%20in%20Marine%20Biotechnology_2010_Chp%2030.pdf
Chakraborty, Kajal and Vijayan, K K and Vijayagopal, P (2010) Instrumental methods in bioprospecting: High pressure liquid chromatography In: Winter School on Vistas in Marine Biotechnology 5th to 26th October 2010. [Teaching Resource]