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Genome editing: a boon for plant biologists, breeders and farmers.

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Title Genome editing: a boon for plant biologists, breeders and farmers.
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Creator Bansal, K.C., Molla, K.A., & Chinnusamy V.
 
Subject boon , breeders, farmers, genome
 
Description Not Available
logies have greatly bene fitted humankind in various fields. India
attained food security through Green Revo lution in the mid-1960s–70s, which was a
result of developing new high-yielding vari eties of wheat and rice introgressed with
semi-dwarfing genes through conventional
plant breeding methods. Consequently,
food grain production increased substan tially in the country. Conventional plant
breeding, which is entirely based on phe notypic selection, with limited knowledge
of the associated gene(s) with the selected
trait(s), is time-consuming and takes about
10–12 years to develop a new crop variety.
Years of extensive research using DNA based molecular tools helped breeders to
hasten the process of breeding by selection
through molecular markers and shuttle
breeding. Genetic variation is the key pre requisite for crop improvement. Since the
accumulation of genetic variation due to
spontaneous mutation is a very long pro cess, scientists learned to rapidly induce
variation in DNA using physical or chemi cal mutagens. Mutation breeding generates
random variation in the genome and has
led to the release of more than 3200 plant
varieties in 70 countries (IAEA database).
However, obtaining desirable mutants
through induced mutagenesis is time and
labour-intensive. Further, to add new traits
of economic importance, scientists discove red the methods of transferring genes from
unrelated sources to plants, and subsequen tly, GM crop varieties were developed with
several useful traits through the process of
genetic engineering. In recent times, an
unprecedented revolution has occurred due
to the development of the novel technology
called genome editing, which has emerged
as a new breeding tool with enormous po tential. Genome editing allows modifica tions in an organism’s native DNA at a
pre-determined genomic locus in a precise
and targeted manner
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Date 2023-04-05T05:18:43Z
2023-04-05T05:18:43Z
2022-07-01
 
Type Book
 
Identifier Bansal, K.C., Molla, K.A., & Chinnusamy, V. Genome editing: a boon for plant biologists, breeders and farmers. Current Science, 123(1):15-19 (2022).
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http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/76680
 
Language English
 
Relation Not Available;
 
Publisher Current Science