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Etiology, epidemiology, pathology, and advances in diagnosis, vaccine development, and treatment of Gallibacterium anatis infection in poultry: a review

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Title Etiology, epidemiology, pathology, and advances in diagnosis, vaccine development, and treatment of Gallibacterium anatis infection in poultry: a review
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Creator Narasinakuppe Krishnegowda, Dharanesha
Dhama, Kuldeep
Asok Kumar Mariappan
Munuswamy, Palanivelu
Iqbal Yatoo, Mohd
Tiwari, Ruchi
Karthik, Kumaragurubaran
Bhatt, Prakash
Reddy, Maddula Ramakoti
 
Subject Gallibacterium anatis, poultry, virulence factors, epidemiology, pathogenesis, pathology, diagnosis, treatment, prevention, control, review
 
Description Not Available
Gallibacterium anatis is a Gram-negative bacterium of the Pasteurellaceae family that resides normally in the respiratory and reproductive tracts in poultry. It is a major cause of oophoritis, salpingitis, and peritonitis, decreases egg production and mortality in hens thereby severely affecting animal welfare and overall productivity by poultry industries across Europe, Asia, America, and Africa. In addition, it has the ability to infect wider host range including domesticated and free-ranging avian hosts as well as mammalian hosts such as cattle, pigs and human. Evaluating the common virulence factors including outer membrane vesicles, fimbriae, capsule, metalloproteases, biofilm formation, hemagglutinin, and determining novel factors such as the RTX–like toxin GtxA, elongation factor-Tu, and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) has pathobiological, diagnostic, prophylactic, and therapeutic significance. Treating this bacterial pathogen with traditional antimicrobial drugs is discouraged owing to the emergence of widespread multidrug resistance, whereas the efficacy of preventing this disease by classical vaccines is limited due to its antigenic diversity. It will be necessary to acquire in-depth knowledge on important virulence factors, pathogenesis and, concerns of rising antibiotic resistance, improvised treatment regimes, and novel vaccine candidates to effectively tackle this pathogen. This review substantially describes the etio-epidemiological aspects of G. anatis infection in poultry, and updates the recent development in understanding the pathogenesis, organism evolution and therapeutic and prophylactic approaches to counter G. anatis infection for safeguarding the welfare and health of poultry.
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Date 2023-05-16T10:29:14Z
2023-05-16T10:29:14Z
2020
 
Type Review Paper
 
Identifier Not Available
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http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/77519
 
Language English
 
Relation Not Available;
 
Publisher Taylor \& Francis