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Shrimp shell waste-derived astaxanthin in synergistic combination with its commercial variant augments gonadal maturation and upregulates vitellogenin gene expression of discus (Symphysodon aequifasciatus).

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Title Shrimp shell waste-derived astaxanthin in synergistic combination with its commercial variant augments gonadal maturation and upregulates vitellogenin gene expression of discus (Symphysodon aequifasciatus).
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Creator Not Available
 
Subject Waste in aquaculture Environment Astaxanthin Steroidogenesis Vitellogenesis
 
Description Not Available
A study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of shrimp shell meal derived natural astaxanthin (SSM), sup-
plemented with its commercial variant on gonadal maturation and vitellogenin gene (Vtg.) expression in
reproductively active adults of the high-value ornamental cichlid discus (Symphysodon aequifasciatus) reared
under captivity. Four isonitrogenous (50% crude protein), isolipidic (9% ether extract), and isocaloric (400 kcal
digestible energy/100 g) experimental diets viz. control (commercial grade astaxanthin, without SSM), T1 (15%
SSM + commercial astaxanthin), T2 (20% SSM + commercial astaxanthin), T3 (25% SSM + commercial
astaxanthin) were prepared and fed to satiation level twice daily for the entire experimental period of 90 days.
Results revealed significant (p < 0.05) linear, quadratic, and overall trends, wherein GSI increased with an in-
crease in the proportion of SSM in the diet, with higher GSI recorded in T2 and T3 treatment groups (testis and
ovary, respectively), which were significantly (p < 0.05) different from other groups. The overall linear and
quadratic trends of HSI differed significantly (p < 0.05) with the variability in proportions of natural and
commercial astaxanthin combinations and were found highest in the T2 treatment group. Cholesterol, FSH, LH,
11-KT, 17β- Estradiol, and 17α-20β DHP levels increased with an increasing proportion of natural astaxanthin
and recorded the highest values in the treatment T2 with an overall significant linear and quadratic trend as
compared to other treatments. Most of the oocytes of T2 and T3 groups were in the vitellogenic phase, i.e.,
primary, secondary, and tertiary yolk stages. More spermatids were visible in testicular tubules in T2, followed
by T3 and T1. The abundance of Vtg. mRNA was significantly (p < 0.05) evident in T2, followed by T1, then in
control. Further increase in SSM inclusion caused a downregulation in the expression of this gene in the T3
group. The dietary combination of SSM @200 g/kg diet with its synthetic/commercial variant exhibited opti-
mum performance at combination levels of 77.5 and 22.5 mg/kg, respectively, evidenced in terms of changes in
steroid hormone profiles, gonadal maturation and vitellogenin gene expression in comparison to the control,
which contained the dietary synthetic/commercial variant of astaxanthin alone. These inferences are presumably a milestone in the captive broodstock development of this high-value ornamental cichlid, S. aequifasciatus, with an added advantage of cost-effectiveness. The study would help the utilisation of economically important bio- waste in combination with commercial variants for effective value addition in the ornamental fish feed industry.
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Date 2023-05-16T02:56:22Z
2023-05-16T02:56:22Z
2022-09-10
 
Type Journal
 
Identifier Not Available
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http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/77294
 
Language English
 
Relation Not Available;
 
Publisher Elsevier