Safe and just Earth system boundaries
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Title |
Safe and just Earth system boundaries
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Creator |
Rockström, Johan
Sakschewski, Boris Gupta, Joyeeta Scholtens, Joeri Stewart-Koster, Ben Tharammal, Thejna Vuuren, Detlef P. van Verburg, Peter H. Winkelmann, Ricarda Zimm, Caroline Bennett, Elena M. Bringezu, Stefan Broadgate, Wendy Green, Pamela A. Huang, Lei Jacobson, Lisa Ndehedehe, Christopher Pedde, Simona Rocha, Juan Scheffer, Marten Schulte-Uebbing, Lena Vries, Wim de Xiao, Cunde Xu, Chi Xu, Xinwu Zafra-Calvo, Noelia Prodani, Klaudia Qin, Dahe Lade, Steven J. Abrams, Jesse F. Andersen, Lauren S. Armstrong McKay, David I. Bai, Xuemei Bala, Govindasamy Bunn, Stuart E. Ciobanu, Daniel DeClerck, Fabrice A. Ebi, Kristie Gifford, Lauren Gordon, Christopher Hasan, Syezlin Kanie, Norichika Lenton, Timothy M. Loriani, Sina Liverman, Diana M. Mohamed, Awaz Nakicenovic, Nebojsa Obura, David Ospina, Daniel Rammelt, Crelis Zhang, Xin |
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Subject |
earth
humans global observing systems |
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Description |
The stability and resilience of the Earth system and human well-being are inseparably linked1-3, yet their interdependencies are generally under-recognized; consequently, they are often treated independently4,5. Here, we use modelling and literature assessment to quantify safe and just Earth system boundaries (ESBs) for climate, the biosphere, water and nutrient cycles, and aerosols at global and subglobal scales. We propose ESBs for maintaining the resilience and stability of the Earth system (safe ESBs) and minimizing exposure to significant harm to humans from Earth system change (a necessary but not sufficient condition for justice)4. The stricter of the safe or just boundaries sets the integrated safe and just ESB. Our findings show that justice considerations constrain the integrated ESBs more than safety considerations for climate and atmospheric aerosol loading. Seven of eight globally quantified safe and just ESBs and at least two regional safe and just ESBs in over half of global land area are already exceeded. We propose that our assessment provides a quantitative foundation for safeguarding the global commons for all people now and into the future.
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Date |
2023-07-06
2023-06-15T14:33:32Z 2023-06-15T14:33:32Z |
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Type |
Journal Article
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Identifier |
Rockström, J.; Sakschewski, B.; Gupta, J.; Scholtens, J.; Stewart-Koster, B.; Tharammal, T.; Vuuren, D.P.v.; Verburg, P.H.; Winkelmann, R.; Zimm, C.; Bennett, E.M.; Bringezu, S.; Broadgate, W.; Green, P.A.; Huang, L.; Jacobson, L.; Ndehedehe, C.; Pedde, S.; Rocha, J.; Scheffer, M.; Schulte-Uebbing, L.; de Vries, W.; Xiao, C.; Xu, C.; Xu, X.; Zafra-Calvo, N.; Prodani, K.; Qin, D.; Lade, S.J.; Abrams, J.F.; Andersen, L.S.; Armstrong McKay, D.I.; Bai, X.; Bala, G.; Bunn, S.E.; Ciobanu, D.; Declerck, F.; Ebi, K.; Gifford, L.; Gordon, C.; Hasan, S.; Kanie, N.; Lenton, T.M.; Loriani, S.; Liverman, D.M.; Mohamed, A.; Nakicenovic, N.; Obura, D.; Ospina, D.; Rammelt, C.; Zhang, X. (2023) Safe and just Earth system boundaries. Nature, Online first paper (31 May 2023). 19 p. ISSN: 0028-0836
0028-0836 https://hdl.handle.net/10568/130739 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-06083-8 |
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Language |
en
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Rights |
CC-BY-4.0
Open Access |
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Format |
p. 102-111
application/pdf |
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Publisher |
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
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Source |
Nature
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