Aflatoxin contamination in Tanzania: quantifying the problem in maize and groundnuts from rural households
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Title |
Aflatoxin contamination in Tanzania: quantifying the problem in maize and groundnuts from rural households
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Creator |
Boni, S.
Beed, F. Kimanya, M. Koyano, E. Mponda, O. Mamiro, D. Kaoneka, B. Bandyopadhyay, R. Korie, S. Mahuku, George S. |
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Subject |
mycotoxins
maize aflatoxins aspergillus flavus tanzania toxicology food science |
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Description |
Aflatoxins are toxic and carcinogenic secondary metabolites, produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus, which contaminate food and feed and threaten human and animal health. To assess the prevalence of aflatoxins in Tanzania, 180 groundnut and 200 maize samples were collected from 9 and 10 districts, respectively. Aflatoxin contamination was quantified using high performance liquid chromatography. Aflatoxins were detected in samples collected from all districts and prevalence ranged from 92 to 100% for groundnuts and 10 to 80% for maize. The mean aflatoxin level for groundnuts was 6.37 μg/kg and the highly contaminated sample had 40.31 μg/kg. For maize, the mean aflatoxin level was 12.47 μg/kg and the highly contaminated sample had 162.40 μg/kg. The estimated average probable daily intake (APDI) of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) from groundnuts consumption was 1.88 ng/kg body weight/day, while for maize, it ranged between 151.98-272.89 ng/kg body weight/day. The APDI for both groundnut and maize exceeded the provisional maximum tolerable daily intake (PMTDI) of AFB1 for adults (1 ng/kg body weight/day), bringing about health concerns for populations in Tanzania. Another alarming finding was that 75% of the farmers who provided samples for analysis were not aware of aflatoxins or the negative health impacts from consuming contaminated products. Results reported in this paper show that aflatoxin contaminated staple crops are widely distributed in Tanzania and that the risk of human exposure is high due to diet preferences. Awareness campaigns are required to inform and protect farmers and consumers.
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Date |
2021-10-14
2021-06-17T10:41:31Z 2021-06-17T10:41:31Z |
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Type |
Journal Article
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Identifier |
Boni, S.B., Beed, F., Kimanya, M.E., Koyano, E., Mponda, O., Mamiro, D., ... & Mahuku, G. (2021). Aflatoxin contamination in Tanzania: quantifying the problem in maize and groundnuts from rural households. World Mycotoxin Journal, 1-12.
1875-0710 https://hdl.handle.net/10568/113989 https://doi.org/10.3920/wmj2020.2646 PLANT PRODUCTION & HEALTH |
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Language |
en
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Rights |
CC-BY-4.0
Open Access |
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Format |
p. 553-564
application/pdf |
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Publisher |
Wageningen Academic Publishers
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Source |
World Mycotoxin Journal
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