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Aflatoxin contamination of maize and groundnut in Burundi: distribution of contamination, identification of causal agents and potential biocontrol genotypes of Aspergillus flavus

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Title Aflatoxin contamination of maize and groundnut in Burundi: distribution of contamination, identification of causal agents and potential biocontrol genotypes of Aspergillus flavus
 
Creator Nsabiyumva, G.
Mutegi, C.
Wagacha, M.
Mohamed, A.B.
Njeru, N.K.
Ndayihanzamaso, P.
Niyuhire, C.
Atehnkeng, J.
Njukwe, E.
Callicott, K.
Cotty, P.
Ortega-Beltran, A.
Bandyopadhyay, R.
 
Subject maize
food security
biological control
aspergillus flavus
biodiversity
value chain
aflatoxins
 
Description Open Access Journal
Aflatoxin contamination of the staples maize and groundnut is a concern for health and economic impacts across sub-Saharan Africa. The current study (i) determined aflatoxin levels in maize and groundnut collected at harvest in Burundi, (ii) characterized populations of Aspergillus section Flavi associated with the two crops, and (iii) assessed aflatoxin-producing potentials among the recovered fungi. A total of 120 groundnut and 380 maize samples were collected at harvest from eight and 16 provinces, respectively. Most of the groundnut (93%) and maize (87%) contained aflatoxin below the European Union threshold, 4 μg/kg. Morphological characterization of the recovered Aspergillus section Flavi fungi revealed that the L-morphotype of A. flavus was the predominant species. Aflatoxin production potentials of the L-morphotype isolates were evaluated in maize fermentations. Some isolates produced over 137,000 μg/kg aflatoxin B 1 . Thus, despite the relatively low aflatoxin levels at harvest, the association of both crops with highly toxigenic fungi poses significant risk of post-harvest aflatoxin contamination and suggests measures to mitigate aflatoxin contamination in Burundi should be developed. Over 55% of the L-morphotype A. flavus did not produce aflatoxins. These atoxigenic L-morphotype fungi were characterized using molecular markers. Several atoxigenic genotypes were detected across the country and could be used as biocontrol agents. The results from the current study hold promise for developing aflatoxin management strategies centered on biocontrol for use in Burundi to reduce aflatoxin contamination throughout the value chain.
 
Date 2023
2023-10-15T16:55:46Z
2023-10-15T16:55:46Z
 
Type Journal Article
 
Identifier Nsabiyumva, G., Mutegi, C., Wagacha, M., Mohamed, A.B., Njeru, N.K., Ndayihanzamaso, P., ... & Bandyopadhyay, R. (2023). Aflatoxin contamination of maize and groundnut in Burundi: distribution of contamination, identification of causal agents and potential biocontrol genotypes of Aspergillus flavus. Frontiers in Microbiology, 14: 1106543, 1-13.
1664-302X
https://hdl.handle.net/10568/132262
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1106543
PLANT PRODUCTION & HEALTH
 
Language en
 
Rights CC-BY-4.0
Open Access
 
Format 1-13
application/pdf
 
Publisher Frontiers Media SA
 
Source Frontiers in Microbiology