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Combined effects of pesticides and trematode infections on hourglass tree frog Polypedates cruciger

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Title Combined effects of pesticides and trematode infections on hourglass tree frog Polypedates cruciger
 
Creator Jayawardena, U.A.
Rohr, J.R.
Navaratne, A.N.
Amerasinghe, Priyanie H.
Rajakaruna, R.S.
 
Subject pesticides
trematode infections
frogs
glyphosate
chlorpyrifos
dimethoate
malformations
propanil
environmental factors
chemical contamination
disease prevention
infectious diseases
mathematical models
 
Description The impact of widespread and common environmental factors, such as chemical contaminants, on infectious disease risk in amphibians is particularly important because both chemical contaminants and infectious disease have been implicated in worldwide amphibian declines. Here we report on the lone and combined effects of exposure to parasitic cercariae (larval stage) of the digenetic trematode, Acanthostomum burminis, and four commonly used pesticides (insecticides: chlorpyrifos, dimethoate; herbicides: glyphosate, propanil) at ecologically relevant concentrations on the survival, growth, and development of the common hourglass tree frog, Polypedates cruciger Blyth 1852. There was no evidence of any pesticide-induced mortality on cercariae because all the cercariae successfully penetrated each tadpole host regardless of pesticide treatment. In isolation, both cercarial and pesticide exposure significantly decreased frog survival, development, and growth, and increased developmental malformations, such as scoliosis, kyphosis, and also edema and skin ulcers. The combination of cercariae and pesticides generally posed greater risk to frogs than either factor alone by decreasing survival or growth or increasing time to metamorphosis or malformations. The exception was that lone exposure to chlorpyrifos had higher mortality without than with cercariae. Consistent with mathematical models that suggest that stress should increase the impact of generalist parasites, the weight of the evidence from the field and laboratory suggests that ecologically relevant concentrations of agrochemicals generally increase the threat that trematodes pose to amphibians, highlighting the importance of elucidating interactions between anthropogenic activities and infectious disease in taxa of conservation concern.
 
Date 2016-03
2017-08-30T05:52:41Z
2017-08-30T05:52:41Z
 
Type Journal Article
 
Identifier Jayawardena, U. A.; Rohr, J. R.; Navaratne, A. N.; Amerasinghe, Priyanie H.; Rajakaruna, R. S. 2016. Combined effects of pesticides and trematode infections on hourglass tree frog Polypedates cruciger. Ecohealth, 13(1):111-22. doi: 10.1007/s10393-016-1103-2
1612-9202
1612-9210
https://hdl.handle.net/10568/83291
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10393-016-1103-2
 
Language en
 
Rights Copyrighted; all rights reserved
Open Access
 
Format p. 111-122
 
Publisher Springer Science and Business Media LLC
 
Source EcoHealth