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Climate-smart cotton (Gossypium herbaceum) crop production in Punjab: A comprehensive review of sustainable management practices

Indian Agricultural Research Journals

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Title Climate-smart cotton (Gossypium herbaceum) crop production in Punjab: A comprehensive review of sustainable management practices
 
Creator DHIR, ABHISHEK
PAL, R K
KINGRA, P K
KAUR, RAMANJIT
 
Subject Climate change, Cotton productivity, Crop simulation, GIS, Microclimatic modifications Modeling, Remote sensing
 
Description The growth and productivity of cotton (Gossypium herbaceum L.) crop are greatly influenced by major fluctuations in the local weather. The output of cotton is negatively impacted by extended periods of unfavourable weather, despite the crop's apparent relative resistance to heat and drought. Among various cotton growing states in India, Gujarat often leads as the highest cotton-producing state in the country followed by Maharashtra, Telangana, Rajasthan, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh. These states collectively contribute more than 65% to India's cotton production. In Punjab, the optimal sowing window for cotton spans from the 1stApril to 15th May. Deviating from this recommended time frame, be it through excessively early or late sowing, correlates with compromised crop establishment and reduced productivity. Temperature thresholds dictate progression of the cotton crop's key stages. For germination, a threshold temperature of 16°C is required, while the range of 21 to 27°C is conducive to vegetative growth, and 27 to 32°C supports reproductive development. The diurnal/night time temperature for fostering cotton root growth resides within 30°C/22°C to 35°C/27°C. Elevated temperatures (40°C/32°C), even under adequate water and nutrient conditions, results in the emergence of shallow root systems. Strategic measures encompassing suitable sowing dates, precise plant spacing, favourable row orientations, judicious irrigation techniques and mulching can effectively temper the influence of climate change on cotton output. Furthermore, the application of crop simulation models and access to timely, accurate weather forecasts and agro-advisories equips decision-makers with invaluable insights for short-term operational planning.
 
Publisher Indian Council of Agricultural Research
 
Date 2024-02-13
 
Type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
 
Format application/pdf
application/pdf
 
Identifier https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/141408
10.56093/ijas.v94i2.141408
 
Source The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences; Vol. 94 No. 2 (2024); 119–128
2394-3319
0019-5022
 
Language eng
 
Relation https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/141408/53846
https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/141408/53847
 
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