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Impact of root architecture and transpiration rate on drought tolerance in stay-green sorghum

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Relation http://oar.icrisat.org/12534/
https://acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/csc2.21108?casa_token=ybo2iNAnsRkAAAAA%3Ae2g1I051nyfGU3xKQk2LZ2J4W-gkB6z8n8WeZh9qrQCOIaiBOPBHcDsBEG7UwK2PW2M8ohDUlZBxYUvN
https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.21108
 
Title Impact of root architecture and transpiration rate on drought tolerance in stay-green sorghum
 
Creator Djanaguiraman, M
Gowsiga, S
Govindaraj, M
Habyarimana, E
Senthil, A
Thavaprakaash, N
Jeyakumar, P
Kokilavani, J
Chellammal, C
 
Subject Drought Tolerance
Sorghum
Drought
 
Description Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] yield loss due to terminal drought stress is common in semiarid regions. Stay-green is a drought adaptation trait, and a deeper understanding of stay-green-associated traits is necessary for sorghum breeding. We hypothesize that the stay-green trait in sorghum may be associated with the root architecture and transpiration rate under drought stress. The objectives were to (i) identify the relationship among stay-green-associated traits, (ii) compare the root system architecture and transpiration rate of stay-green (B35 and 296B) and senescent (BTx623 and R16) genotypes under drought stress, and (iii) quantify the impacts of reproductive stage drought stress on gas exchange and grain yield of stay-green and senescent genotypes. A series of drought experiments were conducted with these genotypes. Under drought stress, the stay-green genotypes had an increased total root length in the top 30–60 cm (18%) and 60–90 cm of soil (45%) than the senescent genotypes. In contrast, under progressive soil drying, stay-green genotypes had a decreased transpiration rate (9%) than senescent genotypes by an early (∼1 h) partial closure of stomata under high vapor pressure deficit conditions. The increased seed yield (43%) in stay-green genotypes is due to an increased photosynthetic rate (30%) and individual seed size (35%) than senescent genotypes. Overall, it is concluded that stay-green phenotypes had two distinct drought adaptive mechanisms: (i) increased root length for increased soil exploration for water and (ii) an early decrease in the transpiration rate to conserve soil moisture. Identifying genomic markers for these traits would accelerate drought-tolerant sorghum breeding.
 
Publisher Wiley
 
Date 2023-09-23
 
Type Article
PeerReviewed
 
Format application/pdf
 
Language en
 
Rights cc_attribution
 
Identifier http://oar.icrisat.org/12534/1/Crop%20Science_1-18_2023.pdf
Djanaguiraman, M and Gowsiga, S and Govindaraj, M and Habyarimana, E and Senthil, A and Thavaprakaash, N and Jeyakumar, P and Kokilavani, J and Chellammal, C (2023) Impact of root architecture and transpiration rate on drought tolerance in stay-green sorghum. Crop Science. pp. 1-18. ISSN 1435-0653