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Occurrence of black rot in Jatropha curcas L. plantations in India caused by Botryosphaeria dothidea

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Relation http://oar.icrisat.org/46/
http://www.ias.ac.in/currsci/25may2011/1547.pdf
 
Title Occurrence of black rot in Jatropha
curcas L. plantations in India caused
by Botryosphaeria dothidea
 
Creator Srinivasa Rao, Ch
Pavani Kumari, M
Wani, S P
Marimuthu, S
 
Subject Entomology
 
Description A new disease in Jatropha curcas L. plants was observed
during the summer season in 2009 and 2010 in
plantations in several Indian states, including Andhra
Pradesh, Assam, Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh.
The outbreak of the disease coincided with the leafdropping
(dormant) stage of the crop, which sets in
with the increasing moisture stress. Affected J. curcas
plants showed drying along with shrivelling, and discoloration
of the stem with sticky reddish-brown exudation
at the base of the plants. Black lesions (soft and
rotting) on the stem under the bark and cambium
layer were also observed. From the affected stem
parts, fungal cultures were isolated and tested for
their pathogenicity on pot-grown plants. The fungal
isolates caused symptoms on J. curcas leaves and petioles
(black spots, 1–3 mm in diameter). Then they
spread to the stems causing shrivelling and gummosis
of hard-wood stems, and finally led to the death of the
infected plant. The causal fungus was identified as
Botryosphaeria dothidea using microscopic observations
of hyphae and spores, and internally transcribed
spacers (ITS) sequencing technique. In addition, four
other fungal isolates were also isolated from the affected
tissues, which were identified as Macrophomina phaceolina,
Phomosis longicolla, Fusarium oxysporum and
Alternaria alternata using the ITS sequencing technique.
The role of these fungal cultures, i.e. whether
they grow as saprophytes on the affected dead tissues
or have any role in causing the black rot disease, needs
further study. Spraying J. curcas plants showing early
symptoms of this disease with Bavistin (carbendazim
50% WP) at the rate of 2 g l–1 water controlled the
spread of the symptoms and led to the recovery of
plants with new leaf growth after the rains.
 
Date 2011
 
Type Article
PeerReviewed
 
Format application/pdf
 
Language en
 
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Identifier http://oar.icrisat.org/46/1/-wani-1547.pdf
Srinivasa Rao, Ch and Pavani Kumari, M and Wani, S P and Marimuthu, S (2011) Occurrence of black rot in Jatropha curcas L. plantations in India caused by Botryosphaeria dothidea. Current Science, 100 (10). pp. 1547-1549.