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Excess iron aggravates the severity of COVID-19 infection

DIR@IMTECH: CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology

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Title Excess iron aggravates the severity of COVID-19 infection
 
Creator Chaubey, Gaurav Kumar
Dilawari, Rahul
Modanwal, Radheshyam
Talukdar, Sharmila
Dhiman, Asmita
Raje, Chaaya Iyengar
Raje, Manoj
 
Subject QR Microbiology
 
Description Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) can induce severe inflammation of the lungs and respiratory system. Severe COVID-19 is frequently associated with hyper inflammation and hyper-ferritinemia. High iron levels are known to trigger pro-inflammatory effects. Cumulative iron loading negatively impacts on a patients innate immune effector functions and increases the risk for infection related complications. Prognosis of severe acute respiratory SARS-CoV-2 patients may be impacted by iron excess. Iron is an essential co-factor for numerous essential cellular enzymes and vital cellular operations. Viruses hijack cells in order to replicate, and efficient replication requires an iron-replete host. Utilizing iron loaded cells in culture we evaluated their susceptibility to infection by pseudovirus expressing the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and resultant cellular inflammatory response. We observed that, high levels of iron enhanced host cell ACE2 receptor expression contributing to higher infectivity of pseudovirus. In vitro Cellular iron overload also synergistically enhanced the levels of; reactive oxygen species, reactive nitrogen species, pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 & TNF-α) and chemokine (CXCL-1&CCL-4) production in response to inflammatory stimulation of cells with spike protein. These results were confirmed using an in vivo mouse model. In future, limiting iron levels may be a promising adjuvant strategy in treating viral infection.
 
Publisher Elsevier Science
 
Date 2023-08-06
 
Type Article
PeerReviewed
 
Relation https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S089158492300583X?via%3Dihub
http://crdd.osdd.net/open/3169/
 
Identifier Chaubey, Gaurav Kumar and Dilawari, Rahul and Modanwal, Radheshyam and Talukdar, Sharmila and Dhiman, Asmita and Raje, Chaaya Iyengar and Raje, Manoj (2023) Excess iron aggravates the severity of COVID-19 infection. Free radical biology & medicine, 208. pp. 186-193. ISSN 1873-4596