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Genetic Variability of Tea Plant on the Black Sea Coast of Caucasus

Indian Agricultural Research Journals

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Title Genetic Variability of Tea Plant on the Black Sea Coast of Caucasus
 
Creator MAYA VALERIANOVNA GVASALIYA
LIDIIA SERGEEVNA SAMARINA
RAVISH CHOUDHARY
JYOTI AHLAWAT
SHIV K YADAV
 
Subject Camellia sinensis, Spontaneous mutagenesis, Selection, Morphological descriptors, Chromosomal aberrations
 
Description Numerous environmental factors such as high irradiation, temperature shocks, pesticides and fertilizer loads have a large impact on the frequency of plant genetic variability. Tea plant is known for its tendency of hereditary genetic variability as the result of free pollination in nature within the species and between the species of the genus. In this connection, the study of spontaneous variability of tea plants on the frequency of somatic mutations and the test of chromosome aberrations was carried out. The research was conducted on industrial tea plantations located in three agro-ecological zones of humid subtropics of the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus: a coastal cluster (100 m above sea level); foothill cluster (200 m above sea level); upper cluster and low mountains (450 m above sea level). The lowest frequency of spontaneous variability was observed in the upper cluster and while the largest frequency of chromosome aberrations was observed in the foothill cluster. Morphological changes affected the size, shape, tip, edges, leaf surface, tip size and internodes. Physiological changes were represented as the anthocyanin color of the leaf and the rate of shoot formation, plastid mutations are represented by periclinal and sectorial chimeras. A karyological analysis showed the presence of a diploid (2n = 30) chromosome set in all selected tea forms. Analysis of the frequency of the spectrum of somatic mutations has shown that half of them were plastid mutations (40.51-50.00%). The genotype played a determining role in the mutations frequency. The highest frequency of variability was found in the Kymyn population (3.95%), which showed the highest frequency of chromosomal aberrations (2.18-5.92%) depending on the growth area. The spectrum of chromosome aberrations in the Kymyn population was wider than Kolkhida cultivar. Positive correlation between the frequency of somatic mutations and the frequency of cells with aberrations was observed.
 
Publisher Indian Society of Seed Technology
 
Date 2024-11-28
 
Type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Peer-reviewed Article
 
Format application/pdf
 
Identifier https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/SR/article/view/157497
10.56093/sr.v47i1.157497
 
Source Seed Research; Vol. 47 No. 1 (2019): Seed Research; 72-76
0379-5594
 
Language eng
 
Relation https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/SR/article/view/157497/56104
 
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