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A Pictorial Guide for the Identification of Mold Fungi on Sorghum Grain

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Title A Pictorial Guide for the Identification of Mold Fungi on Sorghum Grain
 
Creator Navi, S S
Bandyopadhyay, R
Hall, A J
Bramel-Cox, P J
 
Subject Sorghum
 
Description Sorghum is one of the main staple food crops of the world's poorest and most food-insecure people. Approximately
90% of the world's sorghum areas are located in Africa and Asia. During 1992-94, 42% of the total sorghum
produced worldwide was utilized for food, and 48% for animal feed. A preliminary study was conducted to
understand the various storage conditions of sorghum grain, and the potential occurrence of mold fungi under such
conditions. A total of 67 sorghum grain samples were collected from two surveys, 15 samples from the 1996 rainy
season harvest, and 11 from the 1996/97 postrainy season harvest collected in June 1997, and 19 samples from
the 1996/97 postrainy season and 22 from 1997 rainy season harvest collected in October 1997. Approximately
1 kg grain from each of the grain lots stored under various conditions (gunny bags, mud-lined baskets, metallic
containers, polypropylene bags, and grains piled in a corner of a room) by farmers in rural India was collected.
Each grain sample (200 grains treatment1) was examined to identify fungi up to the species level. Grains with and
without surface sterilization were transferred separately to pre-sterilized petri dish humid chambers under aseptic
conditions. The petri dishes were incubated for 5 days at 28±1 °C in an incubator with a 12-h light cycle. Under each
treatment, 200 grains (25 grains dish-1) were examined for 49 mold fungi, including the species of Aspergillus and
Penicillium. The major fungi observed on the grains included species of Alternaria, Curvularia, Drechslera,
Fusarium, and Rhizopus. The frequency of occurrence of the various fungi on each grain sample under the various
treatments was analyzed. This bulletin reports some new mold fungi on sorghum grain in India: Alternaria longipes,
Bipolaris zeicola, Curvularia affinis, C. clavata, C. fallax, C. geniculata, C. harveyi, C. ovoidea, C. pallescens,
C. tuberculata, Drechslera halodes, Gonatobotrys simplex, Nigrospora oryzae, Periconia macrospinosa, Spadicoides
obovata, Torula graminis, and Trichothecium roseum.
 
Publisher International Crops Research Institute for Semi Arid Tropics
 
Date 1999
 
Type Book
PeerReviewed
 
Format application/pdf
 
Language en
 
Rights —
 
Identifier http://oar.icrisat.org/1948/1/A_Pictorial_Guide_for_the_Identification.pdf
Navi, S S and Bandyopadhyay, R and Hall, A J and Bramel-Cox, P J (1999) A Pictorial Guide for the Identification of Mold Fungi on Sorghum Grain. Information Bulletin (59). International Crops Research Institute for Semi Arid Tropics , Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh, India. ISBN 92-9066-416-9