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Hydrological Characterization of Benchmark Agricultural Watersheds in India, Thailand, and Vietnam. Global Theme 3: Water, Soil, and Agrobiodiversity Management for Ecosystem Health Report no. 2

OAR@ICRISAT

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Title Hydrological Characterization of Benchmark Agricultural Watersheds in India, Thailand, and Vietnam. Global Theme 3: Water, Soil, and Agrobiodiversity Management for Ecosystem Health Report no. 2
 
Creator Pathak, P
Wani, S P
Singh, P
Sudi, R
Srinivasa Rao, Ch
 
Subject Watershed management
Agriculture-Farming, Production, Technology, Economics
 
Description ICRISAT’s intervention in the project “Improving Management of Natural Resources for Sustainable
Rainfed Agriculture” funded by the Asian Development Bank aims to increase the productivity and
sustainability of the medium and high water-holding capacity soils in the intermediate rainfall ecoregion of
India, Thailand, and Vietnam. To implement this project ICRISAT selected five benchmark watersheds three in India, one in Thailand, and one in Vietnam – to introduce improved crop production and natural
resource management technologies. This work was carried out over three years (1999–2001) and promising
results have been obtained on crop productivity gains as well as efficient use and conservation of natural
resources. This report focuses on the impact of various watershed technologies on the surface and
groundwater hydrology of the watersheds at all the five benchmark sites. The information on topography,
rainfall, runoff, groundwater, and other relevant data were collected and analyzed. The hydrological data
from the five benchmark watersheds clearly show the effectiveness of improved watershed technologies in

reducing runoff volume and peak runoff rate and improving availability of groundwater. The highest runoff
volume of 433 mm (51% of seasonal rainfall) was recorded from the Tad Fa watershed in Thailand, while
the lowest runoff volume of 55 mm (7% of seasonal rainfall) was recorded from the Adarsha watershed in
Kothapally, India. The highest peak runoff rate of 0.235 m3 s-1 ha-1 was recorded from the untreated
watershed at Kothapally. Among the three sites in India, the highest runoff was recorded at Lalatora
watershed in Madhya Pradesh. The highest contribution of seasonal rainfall to groundwater was recorded at
Lalatora watershed (270 mm or 29% of seasonal rainfall). The hydrological behavior and data reported in
this report will be useful in the planning, design, development, and management of natural resources in the
target regions.
 
Publisher International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics
 
Date 2002
 
Type Monograph
NonPeerReviewed
 
Format application/pdf
 
Language en
 
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Identifier http://oar.icrisat.org/2302/1/Hydrological_characterization_of_benchmark_agricultural_watersheds_in_India%2C_Thailand%2C_and_Vietnam.pdf
Pathak, P and Wani, S P and Singh, P and Sudi, R and Srinivasa Rao, Ch (2002) Hydrological Characterization of Benchmark Agricultural Watersheds in India, Thailand, and Vietnam. Global Theme 3: Water, Soil, and Agrobiodiversity Management for Ecosystem Health Report no. 2. Monograph. International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics , Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh, India.