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Speciation, Cytogenetics, and Utilization of Arachis Species

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Relation http://oar.icrisat.org/3698/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2113(08)60801-9
 
Title Speciation, Cytogenetics, and Utilization of Arachis Species
 
Creator Stalker, H T
Moss, J P
 
Subject Others
 
Description Utilization of wild species for improvement of cultivated forms has been
investigated since Faircloth made the first interspecific hybrids in 1717.
Many wild species have been of value in crop improvement for a large
number of traits (Harlan, 1976; Hawkes, 1977; Stalker, 1980a; Hadley and
Openshaw, 1980). However, in leguminous oilseeds, utilization of species
germplasm has proven difficult, in large part because of barriers to interspecific
hybridization between species (Smartt, 1979). Further, sterility
often restricts introgression from wild to cultivated accessions even when
initial hybridization is possible. Interspecific hybridization is also difficult
among the peanut species in the genus Arachis, but breeding populations
derived from crossing A . hypogaea L. with related species are currently
being evaluated for farmer use (Moss, 1985b).
Four species of Arachis have been cultivated, including two diploids (2n
= 2x = 20: A . villosulicarpa Hoehne and A . repens Handro) and two
tetraploids (2n = 4x = 40: A . glabrata Benth. and A . hypogaea). Arachis
villosulicarpa has only been cultivated by Indians in the northwestern part
of the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso (Gregory et al., 1973). Arachis repens
and A . glabrata have been grown in different parts of South America as
forages or as ground covers in urban areas. Arachis glabrata has also been
selected for forage qualities in Florida, where recent cultivar releases have
been made (Prine et al., 1981). However, A . hypogaea is the only species
which is cultivated extensively for commercial production of seeds and oil.
 
Date 1987
 
Type Article
PeerReviewed
 
Format application/pdf
 
Language en
 
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Identifier http://oar.icrisat.org/3698/1/JA_635.pdf
Stalker, H T and Moss, J P (1987) Speciation, Cytogenetics, and Utilization of Arachis Species. Advances in Agronomy, 41. pp. 1-40.