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Global scenario of chickpea research - present status and future thrusts

OAR@ICRISAT

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Relation http://oar.icrisat.org/4278/
 
Title Global scenario of chickpea research - present status and future thrusts
 
Creator Gowda, C L L
Gaur, P M
 
Subject Chickpea
 
Description Globally, chickpea (Cieer arietinum L.) is an important cool season food legume. The importance
has further increased after its spread in Ocearua and North America. There has been 4-fold
increase in the global trade of chickpea in the past two decades. Extensive breeding efforts
in many countries and at the two CG centers (ICRISAT and ICARDA) have led to development
of over 300 improved varieties. However, a breakthrough in its productivity is still awaited.
Though the potential yield of chickpea is estimated at 5.0 tons ha- l
, its global average ,yield
is around 0.8 tons ha- I
, mainly because chickpea is generally grown under rainfed conditions
and a number of biotic and abiotic stresses constrain productivity. Thus, research efforts in
chickpea have mainly focused on resistance breeding. Excellent progress has been made in
development of short-duration varieties that are able to escape terminal drought, resistance to
fusarium wilt, and development of varieties suitable for winter sowing in West Asia and North
Africa regions. Breeding for resistance to other stresses still remains a challenge due 'to nonavailability
of sources of high level of resistance in the cultigen and cross-compatible wild
species. The success in transfer of resistance to cyst nematodes from C. reticulatum and
. ascochyta blight from C. eehinospermum is encouraging. This will encourage researchers to
utilize other wild Cieer species to introgress useful genes to the cultigen. There has been good
progress in development of integrated pest management strategies for a.scochyta bUght,
botrytis gray mold and pod borer. However, efforts are still needed to promote their adoption
by the farmers. Extensive efforts have been made in the recent past on biotechnological
approaches to chickpea improvement. Several advanced research centers are engaged in
development of molecular map of chickpea and identification of markers for resistanc~ to
important biotic and abiotic stresses. The recently formed International Chickpea Genomics
Consortium will further strengthen efforts in this area. Excellent progress has been made in
development of protocols for efficient in vitro regeneration of chickpea and development of
transgenics for resistance to pod borer by incorporating insecticidal protein gene from Bacillus
thuringiensis. It is expected that support of biotechnological methods to conventional breeding
will· catalyse rapid progress in chickpea improvement m the near future.
 
Date 2004
 
Type Conference or Workshop Item
PeerReviewed
 
Format application/pdf
 
Language en
 
Rights —
 
Identifier http://oar.icrisat.org/4278/1/GlobalScenarioOfChickpeaResearchPresent_2004.pdf
Gowda, C L L and Gaur, P M (2004) Global scenario of chickpea research - present status and future thrusts. In: Pulses in new perspective: proceedings of the National Symposium on Crop Diversification and Natural Resource Management, 20-22 December 2003, Indian Institute of Pulse Research, Kanpur, India.