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Occurrence of Mycotoxins and Toxigenic Fungi in Groundnut ( Arachis hypogaea L.) Seeds in Andhra Pradesh, India

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http://www.ppj-online.org/archive.php?a=dv&id=117&vol=18&no=4&cu=
 
Title Occurrence of Mycotoxins and Toxigenic Fungi in Groundnut ( Arachis hypogaea L.) Seeds in Andhra Pradesh, India
 
Creator Kishore, G K
Pande, S
Manjula, K
Rao, J N
Thomas, D
 
Subject Groundnut
 
Description Andhra Pradesh is one of the major groundnut growing
states in India. A total of 182 groundnut samples collected
at harvesting from farmers fields in five districts,
namely; Anantapur, Chittoor, Cuddapah, Kurnool, and
Mahaboobnagar, during 1999 and 2000 rainy seasons
were evaluated for the presence of mycotoxins (both
aflatoxins and zearalenone) and toxigenic fungi. In
samples collected from each district, average seed
infection by Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium spp. was
11.9-18.3% and 5.6-12.8% in 1999, and 9.5-14.1% and
9.4-11.9% in 2000, respectively. Among the samples
collected, 20.3% and 16.5% were contaminated with
aflatoxin in 1999 and 2000, respectively, and in 11.4%
and 8.7% of the seed samples collected in two seasons,
the aflatoxin content was >30 mg/kg. An alarming
aflatoxin content of 851.9 mg/kg was found in samples
collected from Anantapur district during the rainy
season in 1999. Zearalenone was not detected in any of
the samples collected in 1999, while 2 out of 103 samples
collected in 2000 were contaminated with 35.1 and 129.4
mg/kg. Under in vitro cultural conditions, 35.8% of the
173 A. flavus isolates collected from the groundnut
samples produced aflatoxins at concentrations of 94.3-
1598.6 ng/ml and 3% of the 266 Fusarium spp. isolates
produced 98.1-847.3 mg/g of zearalenone. The results
emphasize the need for a more systematic and regular
monitoring of pre-harvest aflatoxin contamination.
 
Publisher Korean Journal of Plant Pathology
 
Date 2002
 
Type Article
PeerReviewed
 
Format application/pdf
 
Language en
 
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Identifier http://oar.icrisat.org/4861/1/Occurrence%20of%20mycotoxins%20and%20toxigenic%20fungi%20in%20groundnut%20%28%20Arachis%20hypogaea%20L.%29%20seeds%20in%20Andhra%20Pradesh%2C%20India.pdf
Kishore, G K and Pande, S and Manjula, K and Rao, J N and Thomas, D (2002) Occurrence of Mycotoxins and Toxigenic Fungi in Groundnut ( Arachis hypogaea L.) Seeds in Andhra Pradesh, India. Plant Pathology Journal , 18 (4). pp. 204-209. ISSN 1598-2254