The PCR amplification, sequencing and computer aided analysis of ovine alpha S1-Casein gene promoter

Abstract

The paper reports 5'-flanking sequences of ovine S1-CSNGP (casein gene promoter) of 2185 bp. It has shown many deletions, substitutions and a 12 bp addition compared to bovine sequence. The comparative study showed 2136 bp of 5'-flanking region and 49 bp exon I sequence. The exon I sequence contained two ribosomal binding sites. The computational analysis showed presence of core promoter elements, viz., TATA box, CAAT box and initiator sequence. However, no typical GC box was found. Of five known mammary gland specific sequences, three sequences, viz., milk box, Groenen structure and Yu Lee 6, were found. The 220 bp Groenen structure contained other milk protein gene specific sequences (MGF, MPBF, Yu Lee 2, 4 and 5, and Oka box C) and hormone responsive elements (PRE, PRL-RE). Other HREs (GRE, CRE, GHRE and IRE) and ubiquitous transcription factor binding sites were also present. These milk protein gene specific regulatory sequences and HREs are responsible for tissue specific and multi-hormone regulation of the ovine S1-CSNG.