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Growth, Development, Yield Attributes and Yield of Upland Rice ( Oryza sativa) under Various Environmental Conditions and Genotypes

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Title Growth, Development, Yield Attributes and Yield of Upland Rice ( Oryza sativa) under Various Environmental Conditions and Genotypes
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Creator ANIL KUMAR SINGH. V. S. VERMA, H. K. NIGAM, MANIBHUSHAN, N. CHANDRA AND R. C. BHARATI
 
Subject Upland rice, Growth, Development, Eavironmental condition, Genotypes.
 
Description Kanpur (26° 29' N 800 18' E) being located in central Uttar Pradesh enjoys semi-arid climate. Rice ( Oryza
sativa) being miracle crop respond well to diverse agroecologicaUclimatic situation. It is its unique capacity
to adopt in any situation, makes its wonderful crop of modem agriculture. Present day rice is grown
from tropics to temperate condition, below sea level in Kerla to above 5,000 m in Nepal and handsomely
adopted to problematic soils viz. acidic to saline alkaline. Being one of the most important cereals, every
day rice is sown and harvested in the global village. Rice is staple food for South East Asian countries;
this region itself is consuming almost 90% of rice production. India is a second largest rice producer in
world following by China. Globally rice is grown on about 145 million hectares with a production of545 million tones. In India area under rice cultivation range 38 to 43 million hectares with a productiYity of 2.6 ton/ha only. The productivity is not satisfactory if we compare with.other producer like Egypt, Korea, Japan, Australia and China. The state of low productivity poses the challenge among the scientists to find out the causes and ways to remove them. Rice performance (growth, yiC!d component and yield) is determined by the numerous factors. Grain yield is one of the most complex polygenic traits, which is expected to show higher magnitude of interaction variance. Rice, a member of graminaei, interacts well with existing environment Planting time and selection of variety may play the deciding role in performance of rice, hence choice of correct variety and selection of right time of transplanting under particolar agroclimatic
Rice is major cereal crop of India and South Asia as well. To assess the response of prevailing environments and their interaction with photosensitive genotypes (mahsoori) and phptoinscnsitive (ashwani and pant-4). a field experiment was conducted under semiarid condition of Kanpur. This study proved that the year (1998) was more favorable for growth and development and by virtue of this fi rst year crops produced mon: iomass. It might be due to conducive environmental condit ion during vegetative phase and vice versa for eproductive phase. Moreover second year ( 1999) was better economic produce (grain yield), it may be because of ngenial environmental conditions during reproductive phase when despite low biomass efficient conversion of photosynthatcs from source to sink was observed. During both the years photoinscnsitive varieties viz. ashwani and pant-4 proved to be better. Delay in planting advanced the maturity significantly. Long duration genotype mahsoori recorded maximum plant height of 96.9 and 99.6 cm during the both years; 1,000-grain weight was not affected significantly due to environments, however significant diffcrct1ces were recorded due to genotypes during second year. Maximum above ground biomass production was recorded during first dates of planting ( IOS.2 and 98.S q/ha) and genotype mahsoori (106.4 and 9T.I q/ha). Harvest index being a typic al genotypic charac ter least affected by environmental fluctuations, variety ashwani produced boldest seed (28.0 and 28.4 g/l ,000 seeds) and mahsoori produced cylindrical Seeds with lowest seed weight (19.4 and 20.6 g). For successful rice ultivation under Kanpur condition, best time for transplanting is IS July selecting high yielding photoinscnsctive varieties.
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Date 2019-12-03T05:45:05Z
2019-12-03T05:45:05Z
2009-01-01
 
Type Research Paper
 
Identifier Not Available
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http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/26498
 
Language English
 
Relation Not Available;
 
Publisher MKK Publication